Monitoring resistensi Plutella Xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) terhadap Deltametris dan Profenofos

RAHMAN, Andi Mulia, Dr.Ir. Y. Andi Trisyono, M.Sc

2004 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hama Tumbuhan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat resistensi populasi Plutella xylostella terhadap insektisida deltametrin dan profenofos dan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat resistensi P. xylostella dengan aktifitas enzim asetilkolinesterase. Populasi P. xylostella dikumpulkan dari daerah Kopeng, Ngablak, Boyolali (Selo dan Cepogo), dan Bandungan (Jubelan dan Bumen) pada bulan Februari 2004. Metode celup daun digunakan untuk menentukan nilai LC50. Populasi Selo Boyolali paling peka terhadap insektisida deltametrin dengan LC50 6,69 ppm, sedang populasi Kopeng, Ngablak, Bumen Bandungan, Jubelan Bandungan, dan Cepogo Boyolali sudah sangat resisten terhadap insektisida deltametrin dengan faktor resistensi berturut-turut 67, 91, 123, 123, dan 319 kali dibandingkan populasi Selo. Nilai LC50 populasi Cepogo Boyolali, Jubelan Bandungan, Ngablak, Kopeng, Selo Boyolali, dan Bumen Bandungan terhadap profenofos berturut-turut 2151, 2783, 6264, 7769, 9431, dan 14063 ppm yang menunjukkan bahwa semua populasi yang dikumpulkan telah resisten terhadap profenofos. Resistensi terhadap deltametrin tidak diakibatkan karena peningkatan aktifitas enzim asetilkolinesterase, namun demikian peningkatan aktifitas asetilkolinesterase bertanggung jawab terhadap mekanisme resistensi terhadap profenofos. Tidak ada perbedaan jumlah pita protein antara serangga peka dengan serangga resisten kecuali intensitas pita protein. Protein dengan berat molekul 52 dan 44 Kd diduga sebagai P450 monooksigenase.

This research was aimed to determine the resistance levels of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L, to deltamethrin and profenophos and to determine the relationship between the resistance levels and acetylcholinesterase activity. Population of P. xylostella were collected from Kopeng, Ngablak, Boyolali (Selo and Cepogo), and Bandungan (Jubelan and Bumen) in February 2004. A Leaf-dip bioassay method was employed to determine the LC50 values. P. xylostella from Selo was the most susceptible to deltamethrin with LC50 of 6,69 ppm, while populations from Kopeng, Ngablak, Bumen Bandungan, Jubelan Bandungan, and Cepogo Boyolali were resistant to deltamethrin with resistance factors of 67, 91, 123, 123, and 319 times than Selo, respectively. LC50 values of P. xylostella from Cepogo Boyolali, Jubelan Bandungan, Ngablak, Kopeng, Selo Boyolali, and Bumen Bandungan to profenophos were 2151, 2783, 6264, 7769, 9431, and 14063 ppm, respectively, indicating all populations were resistant to profenophos. The increase in acetylcholinesterase activity did not contribute in the development of resistance to deltametrin, but this increase was found to be contributing to the development of resistance to profenofos. The protein profile was similar in the resistant and susceptible strains but the bands of resistant strain were noticed to be more pronounced than those of the susceptible strain. The bands with molecular weight of 52 and 44 Kd were suspected to be P450 monooxygenase.

Kata Kunci : Hama Tanaman,Serangga Plutella Xylostella,Resistensi,Deltametrin , Resistance, Plutella xylostella, deltamethrin, profenophos, acetylcholinesterase, protein.