IMPLEMENTASI STANDAR NASIONAL INDONESIA REHABILITASI RAWAT JALAN PADA PENGGUNA NARKOBA: STUDI KASUS DI BNN WILAYAH DIY

Firmanda Danang Kurniawan, Prof. Dra. Yayi Suryo Prabandari, M.Si., Ph.D: dr. Likke Prawidya Putri, MPH, Ph.D

2025 | Tesis | MAGISTER KEBIJAKAN DAN MANAJEMEN KESEHATAN

Latar Belakang: Angka prevalensi pengguna narkoba di Indonesia meningkat dari 1,8% pada tahun 2019 menjadi 1,95% pada tahun 2021. Pemerintah merespons melalui Instruksi Presiden Nomor 2 Tahun 2020 yang menekankan pentingnya penyelenggaraan layanan rehabilitasi sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Namun, berbagai kendala masih dihadapi, seperti keterbatasan sumber daya, fasilitas laboratorium yang tidak memadai, kurangnya sarana prasarana, serta alat kesehatan yang belum sesuai standar. Berdasarkan laporan BNN tahun 2023, dari 679 lembaga rehabilitasi di Indonesia, hanya 129 yang memenuhi standar pelayanan minimal dan hanya 26 lembaga yang sesuai dengan SNI 8807:2019. Di Provinsi DIY, terdapat 22 lembaga rehabilitasi, namun hanya 1 lembaga yang memenuhi standar pelayanan minimal. Implementasi SNI 8807:2022 di klinik milik BNN wilayah DIY menjadi upaya penting untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan rehabilitasi. Akan tetapi, hingga saat ini baru Klinik BNN Kabupaten Sleman yang telah sesuai dengan standar SNI 8807:2022.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dirancang menggunakan framework consolidated framework for implementation research. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam dengan 16 responden dari klinik milik BNNK Sleman, BNNK Bantul, BNNK Yogyakarta, dan bidang rehabilitasi BNNP DIY. 

Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Klinik BNNK Sleman dan Bantul telah memperoleh sertifikat implementasi SNI 8807:2022 prioritas, sedangkan Klinik BNNK Yogyakarta masih berada pada tahap penilaian reguler. Faktor pendukung utama mencakup struktur organisasi, izin operasional, jejaring kemitraan, serta motivasi dan kompetensi SDM, namun hambatan masih ditemukan terutama pada keterbatasan SDM, sarana prasarana, dan pembiayaan. Secara keseluruhan, implementasi SNI 8807:2022 di klinik milik BNN wilayah DIY sudah menerapkan, tetapi masih memerlukan penguatan SDM, sarana dan prasarana, serta dukungan pembiayaan agar lebih optimal.

Kesimpulan: Implementasi SNI 8807:2022 di klinik milik BNN wilayah DIY sudah berjalan dengan dukungan struktur organisasi, izin operasional, jejaring kemitraan, serta motivasi SDM, namun masih menghadapi hambatan berupa keterbatasan SDM, sarana prasarana, dan pembiayaan sehingga perlu penguatan lebih lanjut agar optimal.

Background: The prevalence of drug users in Indonesia increased from 1.8% in 2019 to 1.95% in 2021. In response, the government issued Presidential Instruction No. 2 of 2020, emphasizing the importance of providing rehabilitation services in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). However, several challenges remain, including limited resources, inadequate laboratory facilities, insufficient infrastructure, and medical equipment that does not yet meet the required standards. According to the 2023 BNN report, out of 679 rehabilitation institutions in Indonesia, only 129 meet the minimum service standards, and just 26 comply with SNI 8807:2019. In the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY), there are 22 rehabilitation institutions, yet only one fulfills the minimum service standard. The implementation of SNI 8807:2022 in BNN-owned clinics within the DIY region is therefore a crucial effort to improve the quality of rehabilitation services. However, to date, only the BNN Clinic in Sleman Regency has fully complied with SNI 8807:2022.

Method: This study employed a descriptive qualitative method using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 16 respondents from BNNK Sleman, BNNK Bantul, BNNK Yogyakarta, and the Rehabilitation Division of BNNP DIY.

Results: The research findings indicate that the BNNK Clinics in Sleman and Bantul have obtained priority certification for the implementation of SNI 8807:2022, while the BNNK Clinic in Yogyakarta is still in the regular assessment stage. The key supporting factors include organizational structure, operational permits, partnership networks, as well as staff motivation and competence; however, challenges remain, particularly in terms of limited human resources, infrastructure, and funding. Overall, the implementation of SNI 8807:2022 in BNN-owned clinics in the Special Region of Yogyakarta has been carried out, but strengthening human resources, facilities, and financial support is still needed to achieve optimal outcomes.

Conclusion: The implementation of SNI 8807:2022 in BNN-owned clinics in the Special Region of Yogyakarta has been carried out with the support of organizational structure, operational permits, partnership networks, and staff motivation; however, it still faces challenges such as limited human resources, facilities, infrastructure, and financing, thus requiring further strengthening to achieve optimal outcomes.

Kata Kunci : implementasi,Standar Nasional Indonesia,rehabilitasi