Nanokatalis NiCo/Karbon Aktif dari Baterai Li-ion Bekas untuk Konversi Produk Turunan Minyak Kelapa Sawit Menjadi Bioavtur
Adyatma Bhagaskara, Prof. Dra. Wega Trisunaryanti, M.S., Ph.D.Eng. ; Prof. Dr.rer.nat. Drs. Karna Wijaya, M.Eng.
2025 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kimia
This study comprises three main stages, namely the
extraction of metals from spent lithium batteries, the synthesis of NiCo/KA
nanocatalyst, and the application of the NiCo/KA nanocatalyst for biojet fuel
production from renewable feedstocks. The first stage involved the selective
extraction of Ni and Co metals from spent NMC battery cathodes using a citric
acid–based hydrometallurgical method without a reducing agent. The second stage
focused on the synthesis of activated carbon (KA) and NiCo-impregnated activated carbon (NiCo/KA) catalysts via sonication, aiming to obtain
materials with high activity and selectivity. The third stage involved the
application of these catalysts in the hydrotreatment of Refined Bleached
Deodorized Palm Oil (RBDPO) to produce biojet fuel that meet aviation quality standards. The
objectives of this study were to optimize the extraction process, characterize
the catalysts, evaluate their activity and selectivity, and assess the fuel
quality in accordance with ASTM D7566. The results showed that the
extraction process achieved leaching efficiencies of 84.95% for Ni and 86.90%
for Co under optimum conditions of 60 °C for 100 minutes using 1.24 M citric
acid. Catalyst synthesis resulted in impregnation efficiencies of 92.07% and
50.22% for NiCo/KA, with the presence of metals confirmed by XRD, FTIR, Raman, and XPS. Fresh NiCo/KA catalysts demonstrated the
ability to convert RBDPO into biojet fuel with a total conversion of 85% and a
biojet fraction yield of 48%. Biojet fuel products derived from fresh catalysts
met most quality specifications, with a freezing point of ?76.34 °C, density of
776.91 kg·m?³, kinematic viscosity of 1.66 mm²·s?¹, and calorific value of
10.485 Cal·g?¹. However, catalysts subjected to
deactivation exhibited significant quality deterioration, while regeneration
processes restored performance only partially.
Kata Kunci : analisis ASTM, biojet fuel, NiCo/KA, hidrometalurgi, RBDPO