Tanggung jawab perdata Direksi, Komisaris dan Pemegang Saham PT. Bank Central Asia sebagai Bank Take Over (BTO) sehubungan ketidakmampuan bank melunasi BLBI

HASSAN, Hestyani, Prof.Dr. Nindyo Pramono, SH.,MS

2004 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Hukum (Magister Kenotariatan)

Bantuan Likuiditas Bank Indonesia (BLBI) adalah kebijakan pemerintah untuk menyelamatkan Perekonomian Nasional melalui dana talangan Bank Indonesia kepada pemerintah, sehubungan dengan kebijakan pemerintah tentang penjaminan dana nasabah melalui Keppres No. 26 tahun 1998, dana talangan tersebut berupa Fasilitas Pendanaan Jangka Pendek (FPJP), yang berarti pula merupakan Fasilitas Kredit Likuiditas Darurat (KLD). Dalam kaitannya dengan pengembalian pinjaman dana BLBI, bank penerima adalah bank sebagai suatu badan usaha yang berstatus badan hukum dan berbentuk Perseroan Terbatas (PT), sesuai dengan pasal 1 ayat 2 dan pasal 21 ayat 1 UU No. 7 tahun 1992 dengan perubahannya dalam UU No. 10 tahun 1998. Sedangkan dalam ketentuan UUPT (Undang-Undang Perseroan Terbatas) yang menjadi latar belakang sebuah PT dengan maksud mempunyai kedudukan mandiri. Secara prinsip, bagaimanapun juga BLBI tetap merupakan pinjaman yang harus dikembalikan sesuai dengan ketentuannya, walaupun pemberiannya berdasarkan kebijakan moneter yang harus mempertahankan sistem perbankan nasional disaat-saat perbankan nasional mengalami kesulitan likuiditas dikarenakan terjadi mismatch. Kalaupun pelanggaran BMPK tetap sebagai pelanggaran yang merupakan kesalahan bank penerima BLBI, sekalipun BI juga ikut andil dalam kesalahan tersebut karena selain BI sebagai Banker’s dan berfungsi sebagai the lender of last resort, BI juga sebagai pembina dan pengawas bank lalai melakukan kewajibannya, seperti yang telah penulis sampaikan dalam bab sebelumnya dimuka. Nilai anggunan yang tidak sesuai dengan usulan tetap dinilai sebagai suatu kealpaan atau kesengajaan dari para pihak.

People respond against Indonesian Bank Liquidity Aids (BLBI) previously known as Indonesian Bank Liquidity Credit (BLBI) has been significantly vary and often partially contradictive. Not until March of 1998 that Indonesian Central Bank had just officially used BLBI term and it refers to all facilities of Central Bank available outside KLBI. Initially, BLBI constitutes liquidity loan extended by Central Bank following big rush in which banks had no longer been able to handle it individually. Part of the loan had then been transferred into bank loan to Indonesian Banking Restructuring Agency (BPPN), as special agency for healing “ill” banks, after the banks operating had been liquidified (BBO) or the management and the ownership had been taken over (BTO) by IBRA, while IBRA borrowed the fund from Central Bank. Meanwhile, inter bank fund, as main liquidity source had been mostly nonperformance because people no longer trusted banking. BLBI as loan, however, must be returned. In normal situation, to return the loan bank had to create source of income (at assets side). Unfortunately in critical situation, where many real sectors experienced difficulty to manage the business, revenue from loan interest and installment payback was practically very low. The banks run in negative spread position, namely payment of customer saving interest was higher than received interests. Business experienced trouble to return their loan, especially loan in foreign exchange which turned higher and higher owing to rupiah fall. Grant of BLBI had raised civil responsibility of receiver bank, even civil responsibility for company organ in relation with bank incapability to settle BLBI. Regarding the matters, this thesis illuminates and evaluates the civil responsibility role of organ of take over banks against BLBI settlement. In broad, this thesis shall discuss: (1) Central Bank as founder and supervisor of banks (2) Mechanism of grant of Indonesian Bank Liquidity Aids (BLBI) in view of BLBI receiver as Limited Company who must also subject to provisions of UUPT. (3) Analysis of Civil Responsibility of Board of Directors, Commissioners, Shareholders of Take Over Bank PT. Bank Central Asia against BLBI settlement.

Kata Kunci : Hukum Perdata,Tanggungjawab Direksi, Komisaris dan Pemegang Saham,BLBI, Civil Responsibility, Directors, commissioners, shareholders, against BLBI Settlement.