Pengembangan Model Hutan Tanaman Rakyat Lestari di Kabupaten Murung Raya

Anggy Septrya Manggala, Prof. Ir. Bakti Setiawan, M.A., Ph.D. ; Dr. Sigit Heru Murti Budi Santosa, S.Si., M.Si.

2025 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor pendukung dan penghambat pengelolaan Hutan Tanaman Rakyat (HTR), merumuskan strategi pengembangan berbasis analisis SWOT, serta memetakan potensi spasial HTR di Kabupaten Murung Raya. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif melalui wawancara terhadap 10 informan kunci yang terdiri atas instansi pemerintah, pengelola HTR, dan masyarakat setempat, serta analisis citra satelit Landsat 8 OLI tahun 2023 untuk menghitung indeks vegetasi (NDVI) dan menentukan potensi spasial pengembangan HTR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor penghambat pengelolaan HTR meliputi kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat terhadap konsep HTR, lamanya masa panen tanaman sengon, keterbatasan kerja sama dengan pihak eksternal, birokrasi yang panjang dalam pengusulan HTR baru, serta kerentanan ekosistem daerah aliran sungai (DAS) hulu. Faktor pendukung antara lain keberadaan dua unit HTR yang telah berdiri, bantuan pendanaan awal sebesar Rp100 juta, dukungan kelembagaan melalui kerja sama dengan KPHP Murung Raya dan lembaga adat, serta potensi diversifikasi tanaman lokal bernilai ekonomi seperti karet, durian, jengkol, dan pinang batara. Analisis SWOT menghasilkan strategi utama berupa diversifikasi jenis tanaman, peningkatan penyuluhan dan edukasi masyarakat, penguatan kolaborasi lintas sektor, serta percepatan birokrasi usulan HTR baru. Hasil pemetaan spasial menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Murung Raya memiliki potensi HTR seluas 34.052 hektar yang tersebar di 10 kecamatan, dengan potensi terbesar di Kecamatan Seribu Riam (9.501 hektar atau 27,9%). Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pengembangan HTR di Kabupaten Murung Raya perlu diarahkan pada integrasi pendekatan ekologis, partisipatif, dan berbasis data spasial guna mewujudkan pengelolaan hutan berkelanjutan yang mendukung peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat.

This study aims to analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors of Community Plantation Forest (HTR) management, formulate development strategies through SWOT analysis, and map the spatial potential of HTR in Murung Raya Regency. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach using interviews with 10 key informants representing government agencies, HTR managers, and local communities, combined with the analysis of Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery in 2023 to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and identify potential areas for HTR development. The results show that the inhibiting factors of HTR management include limited community understanding of the HTR concept, the long harvesting period of sengon trees, restricted collaboration with external stakeholders, lengthy bureaucratic processes in new HTR proposals, and the ecological vulnerability of upstream watershed areas. Supporting factors include the existence of two established HTR units, initial funding assistance of IDR 100 million, institutional support through collaboration with KPHP Murung Raya and customary institutions, and the potential for diversification into economically valuable local crops such as rubber, durian, jengkol, and pinang batara. The SWOT analysis generated key strategies such as crop diversification, continuous community education and extension, strengthening cross-sector collaboration, and accelerating bureaucratic processes for new HTR proposals. Spatial mapping results reveal that Murung Raya Regency has an HTR development potential of 34,052 hectares spread across 10 districts, with the largest potential located in Seribu Riam District (9,501 hectares or 27.9%). These findings highlight that HTR development in Murung Raya should be directed toward the integration of ecological, participatory, and spatial data-based approaches to achieve sustainable forest management and support community welfare improvement.

Kata Kunci : Hutan Tanaman Rakyat, SWOT, NDVI, Pengelolaan Hutan, Murung Raya