Evaluasi Perencanaan dan Pengadaan Obat di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Umum Raffa Majenang

Aris Wibowo, Prof. Dr. Erna Kristin, Apt, M.Si

2025 | Tesis | MAGISTER KEBIJAKAN DAN MANAJEMEN KESEHATAN

Latar Belakang: Proses pengadaan sediaan farmasi di rumah sakit merupakan tahap lanjutan setelah proses perencanaan selesai. Proses pengadaan memiliki peran yang penting dalam memastikan ketersediaan farmasi yang tepat waktu dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan pasien. Obat slow moving dan stok mati periode Januari 2023 - Juni 2024 adalah sebesar 5,24%. Hal ini belum memenuhi standar yang diberlakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Raffa Majenang.

Tujuan: Mengevaluasi proses perencanaan dan pengadaan obat di Instalasi Farmasi Rumah Sakit Umum Raffa Majenang.

Metode: Pendekatan menggunakan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Kuantitatif menggunakan analisis kombinasi ABC-VEN, sedangkan analisis data kualitatif, yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan atau verifikasi:

Hasil: Perencanaan obat telah mengikuti SOP dengan metode konsumsi tiga bulan terakhir ditambah buffer stock 10–30%. Namun, kepatuhan terhadap formularium nasional hanya mencapai 73,2%, di bawah standar indikator mutu nasional. Kekosongan obat terjadi akibat stok kosong di distributor, keterlambatan pembayaran dan keterbatasan kapasitas gudang. Pengadaan dilakukan melalui e-katalog, dengan realisasi anggaran rata-rata Rp 1,43 miliar, melebihi target Rp 960 juta–Rp 1 miliar. Strategi penanganan kekosongan obat meliputi pembelian COD, pembelian dari rumah sakit lain, dan substitusi obat sejenis. Hambatan utama adalah lokasi rumah sakit yang jauh dari kota, keterlambatan pembayaran, dan ketersediaan merk obat tertentu. Secara kuantitatif, ketersediaan obat mencapai 100% sehingga termasuk kategori baik.

Kesimpulan: Perencanaan dan pengadaan obat di RSU Raffa Majenang telah sesuai SOP namun belum optimal dalam pemenuhan standar formularium nasional dan pengendalian anggaran. Perlu peningkatan koordinasi dengan distributor, perbaikan manajemen pembayaran, penambahan kapasitas gudang, serta penguatan sumber daya manusia guna menjamin ketersediaan obat secara efektif dan efisien.

Background: The process of pharmaceutical procurement in hospitals is a subsequent stage following the completion of the planning phase. This procurement process plays a crucial role in ensuring the timely availability of pharmaceuticals that align with patient needs. Drug shortages are a significant issue at Raffa Majenang General Hospital, while, on the other hand, expenditures for drug purchases continue to rise. It is essential to evaluate the implementation of drug planning and procurement at Raffa Majenang General Hospital in relation to the established quality indicators.

Objective: To evaluate the drug plannig and procurement proccess in the pharmacy department of raffa general hospital, majenang.

Methods: The approach employs both quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative analysis utilizes a combination of ABC-VEN analysis based on drug planning and procurement data, while the qualitative analysis involves data collection through in-depth interviews.

Results: The drug planning process adheres to established procedures, utilizing a method based on the consumption data of the past three months, supplemented by a 10-30% buffer stock. However, compliance with the national formulary is only 73.2%, falling short of the national quality indicator standards. The use of branded drugs exceeds that of generic alternatives. Drug shortages occur due to stockouts at distributors, delayed payments and limited warehouse capacity. Procurement is carried out through e-catalogs and manual processes, with an average budget realization of IDR 1.43 billion, surpassing the target range of IDR 960 million–1 billion. Strategies to address drug shortages include direct purchases, sourcing from other hospitals, and drug substitution. Major barriers include the hospital's remote location, delayed payments, and limited availability of certain drugs. Quantitatively, drug availability has reached 100%, categorizing it as excellent.

Conclusion: The drug planning and procurement process at Raffa Majenang General Hospital aligns with standard operating procedures (SOPs), yet it remains suboptimal in meeting the national formulary standards and budget control. Enhanced coordination with distributors, improvements in payment management, increased warehouse capacity, and strengthening human resources are essential to ensure the effective and efficient availability of pharmaceuticals.

Kata Kunci : Evaluasi,Perencanaan dan Pengadaan, Obat, Farmasi