Penghargaan hak-hak pasien oleh perawat di Rumah Sakit Islam Jombang

ALIE, Yuliati, dr. Mubasysyir Hasanbasri, MA

2004 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar belakang : Penghargaan hak-hak pasien di berbagai tatanan pelayanan kesehatan masih kurang mendapat perhatian dari tenaga kesehatan. Masih ada keluhan masyarakat atau pasien terhadap pelayanan kesehatan seperti perawat berbicara kurang sopan, perawat kurang tanggap terhadap keluhan pasien, perawat lama memberikan bantuan pelayanan kepada pasien. Peningkatan mutu pelayanan kesehatan tidak hanya dilihat dari tersedianya peralatan medis yang canggih, namun dalam pelaksanaanya harus didasarkan pada pedoman etis yang menghargai pasien sebagai manusia. Salah satu bentuk penghargaan kepada pasien adalah dilakukannya informed consent bagi pasien yang akan dilakukan tindakan medis atau pembedahan. Tujuan penelitian : Untuk mengetahui penghargaan hak-hak pasien di Rumah Sakit Islam Jombang menurut pendidikan dan senioritas perawat, menurut status sosial pasien dan gender, kebijakan rumah sakit serta peran organisasi profesi PPNI Jombang. Metode penelitian : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus. Sampel penelitian dipilih secara purposif sampling, data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara mendalam, check list, dan kuesioner. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Unit analisis adalah Rumah Sakit Islam Jombang. Responden terdiri dari perawat, kepala perawat, direktur, ketua PPNI Jombang, serta pasien atau keluarganya yang dirawat dengan kasus bedah. Hasil: Pemberian informasi oleh perawat DIII kepada pasien kurang lengkap, penghargaan hak pasien oleh perawat senior lebih baik, penghargaan hak pasien dengan status sosial tinggi lebih baik, penghargaan hak pasien perempuan lebih baik, asuhan keperawatan tidak berpedoman proses keperawatan, dukungan dari pengelola kurang dan komisariat PPNI belum berfungsi. Kesimpulan : Pengisian informed consent secara lengkap oleh perawat SPK, dan perawat senior, serta pasien laki-laki. Privacy pasien lebih baik oleh perawat DIII dan pasien VIP serta pasien perempuan. Pelayanan keperawatan pada pasien VIP lebih baik dan pada pasien perempuan. Kebijakan Rumah Sakit belum sepenuhnya mendukung untuk melembagakan informed consent dan organisasi PPNI belum berperan secara optimal d

Background: Recognition of patients' rights at all levels of health service has not been given proper attention by health professionals. Nurses are health professionals who are likely to have more contact with patients especially inpatients. There are complaints from public or patients against health service such as impoliteness, irresponsiveness to patients' complaints, and delay in giving assistance to patients. Improvement of health service quality does not depend on the availibility of sophisticated medical equipments, but on the implemention of ethical guidelines which respects patients as human beings. One form of recognition to patients is having informed consent from those who will have medical treatment or surgery. Objectives: The objective of the study was to find out recognition of patients' rights at Jombang Islamic Hospital in relation to nurses' education and seniority, patients' social status and gender, hospital policies and the role of Jombang professional organization (PPNI). Methods: The study was of qualitative descriptive type which used a case study design. Samples taken were purposive sampling. Collection of data was conducted through indepth interview, check list and questionnaires. Data were then descriptively and qualitatively analyzed. The analysis unit was Jombang Islamic hospital. Respondents of the study were nurses, nurses' head, the director of hospital, chairman of PPNI Jombang as well as patients or families whose relatives were given surgical treatment. Results: Nurses with a diploma 3 level education did not give complete information; senior nurses gave better recognition to patients' rights; better recognition was given to patients of high social status; women patients were given better recognition; nursing care did not comply with nursing process; support of the management was lacking and PPNI committee had not yet functioned. Conclusion: Nurses graduated from college, senior nurses filled out the informed consent more completely. Both VIP and female patients were given more privacy by nurses with academic/bachelor. They also delivered better nursing care. Hospital policies had not been fully supportive in implementing informed consent policy and PPNI organization had not yet played optimum role in standardization profession. Keywords: patients' rights; informed consent; nursing profession

Kata Kunci : Kebijakan Layanan Kesehatan, Hak Pasien, Perawat, patients' rights; informed consent; nursing profession.