IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM KESEHATAN JIWA DALAM PENANGANAN ODGJ BERBASIS COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS LEMBEYAN (CASE STUDY)

Fadliana Hidayatu Rizky Uswatun Hasanah, Dr. Mubasysyir Hasanbasri, MA dan Lusha Ayu Astari, SKM., MPH

2025 | Tesis | MAGISTER KEBIJAKAN DAN MANAJEMEN KESEHATAN

Latar belakang: Penanganan Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa (ODGJ) memerlukan pendekatan yang melibatkan masyarakat secara aktif dalam setiap tahap perencanaan, pelaksanaan hingga evaluasi program. Community engagement atau keterlibatan masyarakat memiliki peran penting dalam menciptakan dukungan sosial dan lingkungan yang kondusif untuk mendukung pemulihan ODGJ. Dalam konteks ini, keterlibatan masyarakat juga mendukung pencapaian Universal Health Coverage (UHC) dengan memastikan bahwa layanan kesehatan jiwa dapat diakses oleh semua lapisan masyarakat secara merata. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan community engagement berdasarkan model Level of Community Engagement serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat keterlibatan masyarakat dalam penanganan ODGJ di wilayah kerja UPTD Puskesmas Lembeyan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara mandalam, telaah dokumen dan observasi langsung. Informan berjumlah 13 orang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan model analisis Miles dan Huberman (2014) dengan bantuan software atlas.ti. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan program kesehatan jiwa di Puskesmas Lembeyan telah mencapai tingkat Empowerment dalam community engagement, ditandai dengan kepemimpinan desa yang mandiri dan keterlibatan aktif masyarakat. Namun, implementasi program belum optimal karena masih terkendala sarana prasarana, rendahnya partisipasi pemangku kepentingan di luar Desa Pupus, sistem pelaporan yang belum terintegrasi, keterbatasan pendanaan operasional, serta minimnya respons aktif dari Dinas Sosial.

Background: The management of people with mental disorders (ODGJ) requires an approach that actively involves the community in every stage of program planning, implementation, and evaluation. Community engagement plays a crucial role in creating a supportive social and environmental context to facilitate the recovery of ODGJ. In this context, community engagement also supports the achievement of Universal Health Coverage (UHC) by ensuring that mental health services are accessible to all segments of society equitably. Objective: This study aims to analyze the implementation of community engagement based on the Level of Community Engagement model and identify factors influencing the level of community involvement in the management of ODGJ in the working area of the Lembeyan Community Health Center (UPTD Puskesmas Lembeyan). Method: This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, document review, and direct observation. Thirteen informants were selected using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman (2014) analysis model with the assistance of Atlas.ti software. Results: The study findings indicate that the implementation of mental health programs at the Lembeyan Health Center has achieved the Empowerment level in community engagement, characterized by self-reliant village leadership and active community involvement. However, the implementation of the program has not been optimal due to constraints in infrastructure, low participation of stakeholders outside Pupus Village, an unintegrated reporting system, limited operational funding, and minimal active response from the Social Services Agency.

Keywords: Community engagement, People with Mental Disorders (ODGJ), Mental Health Services, Empowerment

Kata Kunci : Community engagement, Orang dengan Gangguan Jiwa (ODGJ), Layanan Kesehatan Jiwa, Empowerment