Analisis Keseimbangan Nitrogen pada Padi Sawah dengan Perlakuan Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) dan Biochar di Lahan Sawah Mekikis, Kabupaten Kediri

Fara Fauzia, Prof. Dr. Ir. Benito Heru Purwannto, M.P., M.Agr.; Dr. Firdausi Nur Azizah, S.P.

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU TANAH

Keseimbangan nitrogen merupakan indikator penting dalam sistem budidaya sawah karena berkorelasi dengan ketersediaan hara, efisiensi serapan tanaman, dan potensi kehilangan nitrogen ke lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keseimbangan nitrogen dengan menghitung input dan output nitrogen pada perlakuan Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) dan biochar bagas tebu. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan sawah Desa Mekikis, Kediri dengan jenis tanah Inceptisol. Terdapat empat perlakuan, yaitu AWD, Non-AWD, AWD+Biochar, dan Non-AWD+Biochar. Komponen nitrogen yang dianalisis meliputi nitrogen dari pupuk, biochar, air irigasi, tanah, kehilangan melalui emisi N2O, dan serapan tanaman.  Input nitrogen terbesar berasal dari pupuk sebesar 204 kg/ha, sedangkan output terbesar berupa serapan nitrogen tanaman dengan rerata 88,43 kg/ha. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan AWD dan biochar cenderung menghasilkan keseimbangan nitrogen lebih positif dibandingkan perlakuan Non-AWD. Kombinasi perlakuan AWD dan biochar berpotensi mengurangi kehilangan nitrogen dan mendukung pengelolaan nitrogen lebih efisien dalam budidaya padi sawah.

Nitrogen balance is an important indicator in rice cultivation systems because it correlates with nutrient availability, plant uptake efficiency, and the potential for nitrogen loss to the environment. This study aims to analyze nitrogen balance by calculating nitrogen inputs and outputs in Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) and bagasse biochar treatments. The study was conducted on rice fields in Mekikis Village, Kediri, with Inceptisol soil type. There were four treatments: AWD, Non-AWD, AWD+Biochar, and Non-AWD+Biochar. The nitrogen components analyzed included nitrogen from fertilizer, biochar, irrigation water, soil, losses through N2O emissions, and plant uptake.  The largest nitrogen input came from fertilizer at 204 kg/ha, while the largest output was plant nitrogen uptake with an average of 88.43 kg/ha. The results showed that the AWD and biochar treatments tended to produce a more positive nitrogen balance compared to the Non-AWD treatment. The combination of AWD and biochar treatments has the potential to reduce nitrogen loss and support more efficient nitrogen management in rice paddy cultivation.

Kata Kunci : keseimbangan nitrogen, biochar, AWD, emisi N2O, padi