Pengaruh Jumlah dan Distribusi Ground Control Point (GCP) terhadap Tingkat Akurasi Pengukuran Volume Metode Fotogrametri pada Pekerjaan Uji Petik Overburden (Studi Kasus: PT Putra Perkasa Abadi, Jobsite PT Bukit Asam, Tbk.)
Laurensia Ayu Anggraeni, Ir. Ruli Andaru, S.T., M.Eng., Ph.D.
2025 | Tugas Akhir | D4 TEKNOLOGI SURVEI DAN PEMETAAN DASAR
The use of photogrammetry with Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology in mapping and measuring overburden volumes has become increasingly common in the mining industry. However, one of the factors affecting measurement accuracy is the number and distribution of Ground Control Points (GCPs) used in the aerial triangulation process. This project evaluates the influence of the number and distribution of GCPs on the accuracy of overburden volume measurements and compares the results between the photogrammetry method and GNSS RTK.
This final project was conducted at PT Putra Perkasa Abadi, Jobsite PT Bukit Asam Tbk, South Sumatra, using six variations in the number of GCPs (0, 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6 GCPs), as well as testing both uniform and non-uniform distributions for the 2-GCP configuration, with 7 Independent Check Points (ICPs) in each processing scenario. Data processing was carried out using SFM-MVS photogrammetry, while volume calculations employed the Cut and Fill method, with boundaries from GNSS RTK measurements serving as the reference for the DTM surface model. Volume accuracy validation was performed using CE90 and LE90 calculations from aerial triangulation results and by comparing the volume differences with RTK measurements.
The analysis results show that the configuration with 6 GCPs produced the highest accuracy, with the smallest volume difference of 3,76%. For geometric accuracy, CE90 and LE90 values were 0,0344 meters and 0,0510 meters, respectively. Nevertheless, using at least 4 GCPs with a uniform distribution already provided good volume accuracy, with a volume difference of 6,31%, meeting the standards of the Geospatial Information Agency (BIG, 2021). In contrast, the 0-GCP configuration resulted in the largest volume difference, reaching 8,571.45%, with a CE90 of 6.1055 meters. Besides quantity, GCP distribution also affected accuracy. Using 2 GCPs with a uniform distribution reduced the volume difference to 6.83%, compared to 316,70% with a non-uniform distribution. Therefore, the use of at least 4 uniformly distributed GCPs is recommended to improve the accuracy of overburden volume measurements using the photogrammetry method, where both the number and uniform distribution of GCPs play an important role in producing accurate and effective measurements
Kata Kunci : UAV fotogrametri, Ground Control Point (GCP), overburden, volume, akurasi horizontal, akurasi vertikal