Auditory Discrimination Bacaan Mad Thabi’i dan Ikhfa’ Haqiqi pada Penghafal Al-Quran: Studi Mismatch Negativity (MMN)

Ikke Pradima Sari, Dra. Sri Kusrohmaniah, M.Si., Ph.D., Psikolog

2025 | Tesis | S2 Psikologi

Para penghafal Al-Qur’an memiliki kepekaan untuk membedakan antara bacaan yang benar dan salah atau auditory discrimination. Kemampuan auditory discrimination pada individu dapat diukur dengan pendekatan fisiologis melalui Event-Related Potential (ERP) komponen Mismatch Negativity (MMN) untuk mengukur respon otak terhadap stimulus atau peristiwa tertentu secara real-time menggunakan Electroencephalogram (EEG). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi kemampuan auditory discrimination pada penghafal Al-Qur’an dalam membedakan durasi suara (mad thabi’i) dan perbedaan fonem (ikhfa’ haqiqi). Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah adanya perbedaan besaran amplitudo pada komponen MMN antara stimulus bunyi bacaan mad thabi’i dan ikhfa’ haqiqi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan respon penghafal Al-Qur’an dalam membedakan stimulus standar dan devian. Amplitudo MMN ditemukan lebih tinggi saat stimulus ikhfa’ haqiqi dalam perubahan fonem dibandingkan dengan perubahan durasi suara. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada identifikasi bacaan tajwid yang sulit dibedakan secara fonologis melalui respons neurologis, serta memberikan kontribusi praktis dalam pengajaran tahsin atau perbaikan bacaan Al-Qur’an bagi guru maupun pembelajar Al-Qur’an. 

Al-Qur'an memorizers have the sensitivity to distinguish between correct and incorrect readings or auditory discrimination. Auditory discrimination ability in individuals can be measured by physiological approach through Event-related Potential (ERP) Mismatch Negativity (MMN) component to measure the brain response to a particular stimulus or event in real-time using Electroencephalogram (EEG). This study aims to explore the ability of auditory discrimination in Qur'an memorizers in distinguishing the duration of sound (mad thabi'i) and phoneme differences (ikhfa' haqiqi). The hypothesis of this study is that there is a difference in the amplitude of the MMN component between the stimulus sounds of mad thabi'i and ikhfa' haqiqi. The results showed a significant difference in the response of Qur'anic memorizers in distinguishing standard and devian stimulus. The MMN amplitude was found to be higher during the stimulus of ikhfa' haqiqi in phoneme change compared to sound duration change. This study has implications for identifying tajwid recitations that are phonologically difficult to distinguish, as revealed through neurological responses, and offers practical contributions to tahsin instruction or the enhancement of Qur'anic recitation among both educators and learners.

Kata Kunci : Auditory Discrimination, Mad Thabi’i, Ikhfa’ Haqiqi, MMN, EEG