Rancang Bangun Sistem Pengelolaan Konsumsi Energi pada Automated Recording Device (ARD) berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)

Rijal Dzaki Fadhlurrohman, Ir. Sentagi Sesotya Utami, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D., IPU.; Dr. Eng. Ir. Dwi Joko Suroso, S.T., M.Eng., IPP

2025 | Skripsi | FISIKA TEKNIK

Automated Recording Device (ARD) berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) menjadi solusi untuk pemantauan data akustik lingkungan secara otomatis dan berkelanjutan, khususnya dalam mendukung upaya pemantauan kualitas lingkungan. Namun, konsumsi energi ARD yang tinggi menjadi kendala karena operasi kontinu dan keterbatasan sumber energi di lapangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang bangun sistem pengelolaan konsumsi energi pada ARD berbasis IoT melalui switching daya (on/off) otomatis berdasarkan fase operasi, serta mengevaluasi dampaknya terhadap konsumsi energi dan tingkat ketersediaan operasional (availability) ARD berbasis IoT. Perancangan dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi fase dan komponen ARD untuk switching daya, merancang blok diagram, alur kerja, dan diagram skematik. Pembangunan sistem mencakup implementasi dari rancangan yang telah dibuat. Selanjutnya, pengujian dilakukan dengan mengukur konsumsi energi dan availability ARD berbasis IoT setelah penerapan sistem, yang kemudian dibandingkan dengan data baseline. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem berhasil dirancang bangun dengan menggunakan Wemos D1 Mini, relay, dan integrasi komponen elektronik lainnya, serta protokol komunikasi MQTT. Sistem berhasil mengotomasi switching daya dengan memutuskan daya mikrokomputer ketika fase idle. Penerapan sistem pada ARD berbasis IoT mampu menghemat konsumsi energi per siklus sebesar 6,51% (dari 0,737 Wh menjadi 0,689 Wh), dan meningkatkan rata-rata availability per hari hingga 10,11% (dari 87,69% menjadi 97,80%).

The Internet of Things (IoT)-based Automated Recording Device (ARD) serves as a solution for automated and continuous monitoring of environmental acoustic data, particularly in support of ecological quality monitoring efforts. However, the high energy consumption of ARD is a challenge due to continuous operation and limited energy sources in the field. This study aims to design and build an energy management system for IoT-based ARD through automatic power switching (on/off) based on operational phases, and to evaluate its impact on energy consumption and operational availability of the IoT-based ARD. The design process involves identifying phases and components of the ARD for power switching, designing block diagrams, workflows, and schematic diagrams. The system construction includes the implementation of the designed components. Subsequently, testing is carried out by measuring energy consumption and availability of the IoT-based ARD after system implementation, which is then compared with baseline data. The results show that the system was successfully designed and built using Wemos D1 Mini, a relay, and integration of other electronic components, as well as the MQTT communication protocol. The system successfully automates power switching by cutting off power to the microcomputer during the idle phase. The implementation of the system on the IoT-based ARD reduces energy consumption per cycle by 6.51% (from 0.737 Wh to 0.689 Wh), and increases average daily availability by 10.11% (from 87.69% to 97.80%).

Kata Kunci : automated recording device, internet of things, pengelolaan konsumsi energi, switching daya otomatis