Constructive Incorporation of The Doctrine of Non- Inquiry and Human Rights in The Practice OF Extradition In Indonesian Criminal Justice System

Medina Zahra Bintang, Sri Wiyanti Eddyono, S.H., LL.M.(HR), Ph.D.

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU HUKUM

Penelitian hukum ini secara kritis mengkaji kemungkinan serta sejauh mana Indonesia menginkorporasikan doktrin non-inquiry dalam praktik ekstradisi dan dampaknya terhadap perlindungan hak asasi manusia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan normatif-empiris, studi ini memadukan analisis hukum doktrinal, perbandingan dengan sistem peradilan pidana Amerika Serikat, serta data kualitatif yang diperoleh melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan pejabat kunci dari lembaga-lembaga terkait di Indonesia. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Indonesia telah meratifikasi perjanjian-perjanjian HAM utama, perlindungan penting—baik hak-hak substantif maupun prosedural—belum diatur secara memadai dalam Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1979. Studi ini juga mengungkap adanya kepatuhan implisit Indonesia terhadap doktrin non-inquiry, meskipun tanpa pengakuan hukum yang eksplisit. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mendorong reformasi hukum melalui mekanisme ekstradisi bersyarat dengan pengujian terbatas (limited inquiry) serta penguatan prosedur judicial review guna melindungi hak asasi manusia dan memastikan kepatuhan terhadap kewajiban konstitusional maupun internasional Indonesia.

This legal research critically examines the possibility and to which extent Indonesia incorporates the doctrine of non-inquiry in extradition and its impact on human rights protection. Employing a normative-empirical approach, the study integrates doctrinal legal analysis, comparative with the U.S. criminal system, and qualitative data obtained through structured interviews with key officials from Indonesian relevant agencies. The findings indicate that although Indonesia has ratified key human rights treaties, crucial protections—substantive and procedural rights—remain inadequately addressed in Law No. 1 of 1979. The study also reveals Indonesia’s implicit adherence to the doctrine of non-inquiry, despite lacking formal legal recognition. Accordingly, it urges legal reform through limited inquiry-conditional extradition mechanisms and judicial review to safeguard human rights and ensure compliance with both its constitutional and international obligations.

Kata Kunci : Extradition, Human Rights, Doctrine of Non-Inquiry, Human Rights for Extradition Fugitives, Indonesian Criminal Justice System.