Sintesis dan Epoksidasi Oleamida Tersubstitusi N-Aril (Fenil dan o-Tolil) dari Asam Oleat Minyak Kelapa Sawit sebagai Kandidat Antikanker: Studi In Vitro dan In Silico
Umi Nurwahidah, Prof. Drs. Jumina, Ph.D.; Dr.Sc. Robby Noor Cahyono, S.Si., M.Sc.
2025 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kimia
The increasing global prevalence of cancer, along with the limitations of current chemotherapeutic agents, especially resistance and systemic toxicity, emphasizes the urgent need for alternative treatment methods. This study presents the synthesis and biological evaluation of four oleic acid derivatives from palm oil: N-aril oleamides (OA-1 and OA-2), produced through amidation with aniline and o-toluidine using SOCl2 as a coupling agent. Subsequent epoxidation with mCPBA yielded the corresponding epoxides (E-1 and E-2). The chemical structures of all compounds were verified by FTIR, GC-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and LC-MS. Cytotoxicity and selectivity were assessed in vitro against T47D, HeLa, and WiDr cancer cell lines, as well as Vero normal cell line, using the MTT assay. Additionally, in silico analyses were performed to predict pharmacokinetic properties and investigate molecular interactions with the thioesterase domain of FASN enzyme.
The transesterification process yielded 70.88% of FAME, with a methyl oleate content of 48.48% and was successfully increased to 70.61% via the UIC method. Hydrolysis of the oleate methyl ester produced oleic acid in 71.50% yield. Structural elucidation confirmed that OA-1, OA-2, E-1, and E-2 corresponded to the target structures, with yields of 55.93%, 90.22%, 34.85%, and 33.59%, respectively. Biological evaluation showed that OA-2, E-1, and E-2 had strong cytotoxic effects against HeLa cells, with IC50 values of 12.84, 6.16, and 11.23 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, E-1 and E-2 demonstrated moderate cytotoxicity (20 µg/mL < IC50 xss=removed xss=removed>
Kata Kunci : minyak kelapa sawit, oleamida, epoksida, antikanker, farmakokinetik, penambatan molekuler