PENGARUH PERBEDAAN PAKAN KOMERSIAL TERHADAP PERSENTASE KARKAS DAN NON KARKAS AYAM KAMPUNG SUPER

Fazadani Candra Sadewa, Prof. Ir. Yuny Erwanto, S.Pt., M.P., Ph.D., IPM

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan persentase karkas dan non karkas ayam kampung super yang diberikan tiga jenis pakan berbeda. Ayam kampung super betina sebanyak 30 ekor berumur 55 sampai 60 hari yang berasal dari ayam yang telah diberi perlakuan P1 (BR1PB1), P2 (BR23BR21), dan P3 (BR23) masing-masing 10 ekor sehingga rancangan yang digunakan rancangan acak lengkap. Sidik ragam digunakan untuk analisis data dilanjutkan dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan untuk melihat perbedaan pengaruh antar perlakuan. Persentase karkas diperoleh dengan membagi berat karkas dengan berat ayam hidup dikali 100%. Persentase non karkas diperoleh dengan membagi berat non karkas dengan berat ayam hidup dikali 100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata berat ayam kampung super yaitu 0,96; 0,93; 0,89. Rata-rata rasio konversi pakan sebesar 2,66; 2,44; 2,76. Persentase karkas tidak berbeda nyata 75,80±1,12%; 75,54±0,05; 76,19±0,54%. Persentase kepala tidak berbeda nyata 8,15±0,50%; 8,12±0,62%; 8,12±0,44%. Persentase sayap tidak berbeda nyata 8,67±0,61%; 9,27±0,33%; 9,25±0,68%. Persentase dada berbeda nyata 35,66±1,17%; 32,14±2,02%; 35,17±1,24%. Persentase paha berbeda nyata 28,69±1,10%; 29,13±0,72%; 27,97±1,15%. Persentase ceker tidak berbeda nyata 3,90±0,23%; 4,34±0,48%; 4,06±0,38%. Persentase darah tidak berbeda nyata 3,61±0,56%; 3,68±0,26%; 3,98±0,46%. Persentase bulu berbeda nyata 5,80±0,85%; 5,61±1,24%; 3,85±2,21%. Persentase jantung berbeda nyata 0,42±0,08%; 0,48±0,08%; 0,52±0,07%. Persentase limpa berbeda nyata 0,26±0,10%; 0,23±0,11%; 0,35±0,12%. Persentase hati tidak berbeda nyata2,14±0,27%; 2,27±0,18%; 2,29±0,16%. Persentase ampela berbeda nyata 3,78±0,53%; 3,39±0,59%; 2,79±0,43%. Persentase  usus  tidak berbeda nyata 5,85±0,93%; 5,93±0,74%; 6,37±1,02%. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah perbedaan pakan komersial mempengaruhi karkas dan non karkas ayam kampung super.

This research was aimed to the differences in the percentage of carcass and non-carcass of super native chickens given three different types of feed. Thirty female super native chicken aged 55 to 60 days and was treatmented P1 (BR1PB1), P2 (BR23BR21), and P3 (BR23) each 10 chickens. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD). Data obtained were analyzed using a analysis of variance (ANOVA) and then was continued with Duncans multiple range test (DMRT). The carcass percentage is obtained by dividing the carcass weight by the live chicken weight multiplied by 100%. The non-carcass percentage is obtained by dividing the non-carcass weight by the live chicken weight multiplied by 100%. The results showed that average of chicken live weight was 0.96; 0.93; 0.89. Average of feed conversion ratio was 2.66; 2.44; 2.76. The percentage of carcass was not significantly different 75.80±1.12%; 75.54±0.05; 76.19±0.54%. The percentage of head was not significantly different, 8.15±0.50%; 8.12±0.62%; 8.12±0.44%. The percentage of wings was not significantly different 8.67±0.61%; 9.27±0.33%; 9.25±0.68%. The percentage of chest was significantly different 35.66±1.17%; 32.14±2.02%; 35.17±1.24%. The percentage of thigh was significantly different 28.69±1.10%; 29.13±0.72%; 27.97±1.15%. The percentage of feet was not significantly different 3.90±0.23%; 4.34±0.48%; 4.06±0.38%. The percentage of blood was not significantly different 3.61±0.56%; 3.68±0.26%; 3.98±0.46%. The percentage of feathers was significantly different, respectively 5.80±0.85%; 5.61±1.24%; 3.85±2.21%. The percentage of heart was significantly different 0.42±0.08%; 0.48±0.08%; 0.52±0.07%. The percentage of spleen was significantly different 0.26±0.10%; 0.23±0.11%; 0.35±0.12%. The percentage of liver was not significantly different 2.14±0.27%; 2.27±0.18%; 2.29±0.16%. The percentage of gizzard was significantly different 3.78±0.53%; 3.39±0.59%; 2.79±0.43%. The percentage of intestine was not significantly different 5.85±0.93%; 5.93±0.74%; 6.37±1.02%. The conclusion of this study is that different commercial feed affect the percentage of  carcass and non-carcass of super native chickens.

Kata Kunci : Ayam kampung super, Persentase, Karkas, Non Karkas, Pakan