POTENSI SIMPANAN KARBON TUTUPAN LAHAN DAN KONTRIBUSINYA TERHADAP EMISI GAS CO? DARI SEKTOR DOMESTIK DESA TRIDADI, KABUPATEN SLEMAN, YOGYAKARTA

Nindi Aulia Az Zahra, Prof. Dr. Ir. Ris Hadi Purwanto, S.Hut., M.Agr.Sc., IPU

2025 | Skripsi | KEHUTANAN

Perubahan iklim global yang dipicu oleh peningkatan emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) menuntut upaya mitigasi berbasis lahan, khususnya melalui peningkatan tutupan vegetasi yang mampu menyerap karbon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis dan luas tutupan lahan, menghitung potensi biomassa, simpanan karbon, dan serapan CO? kelas tutupan lahan, serta menganalisis kontribusi tutupan lahan terhadap penyerapan emisi CO? dari sektor domestik di Desa Tridadi, Kabupaten Sleman. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan kombinasi survei lapangan, inventarisasi vegetasi menggunakan teknik non-destruktif, dan wawancara terstruktur kepada 99 responden rumah tangga dengan stratifikasi status kemiskinan. Estimasi biomassa dilakukan menggunakan persamaan alometrik sesuai jenis vegetasi, sedangkan emisi dihitung berdasarkan pedoman IPCC (2006). Hasil menunjukkan Desa Tridadi didominasi oleh tutupan lahan permukiman, dengan enam kelas utama yang meliputi danau/waduk, kebun/perkebunan, permukiman, RTH publik, gedung, dan sawah irigasi. Rata-rata simpanan karbon dan serapan CO? dari seluruh tutupan lahan masing-masing sebesar 2.148,42 ton dan 7.884,71 ton CO? per tahun, di mana Ruang Terbuka Hijau Publik (RTHP) memberikan kontribusi serapan CO? tertinggi. Sementara itu, total emisi CO? dari sektor domestik mencapai 19.748,64 ton per tahun, jauh melebihi kapasitas serapan karbon yang ada. Total persentase perbandingan serapan CO? tutupan lahan terhadap emisi CO? desa Tridadi adalah 39,93%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa tutupan lahan di Desa Tridadi belum mampu mengimbangi emisi CO? domestik, sehingga diperlukan upaya peningkatan kualitas vegetasi untuk mendukung mitigasi perubahan iklim di tingkat lokal. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi dasar perumusan kebijakan pengelolaan lahan berkelanjutan dan inventarisasi GRK di tingkat desa.

Global climate change driven by rising greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions necessitates land-based mitigation efforts, particularly through the expansion of vegetative cover capable of sequestering carbon. This study aims to identify the types and area of land cover, estimate biomass potential, carbon stock, and CO? uptake by land cover classes, as well as analyze the contribution of land cover toward absorbing domestic CO? emissions in Tridadi Village, Sleman Regency. A quantitative approach was employed, combining field surveys, vegetation inventories using non-destructive techniques, and structured interviews with 99 household respondents stratified by poverty status. Biomass estimation utilized allometric equations according to vegetation type, while emissions were calculated based on IPCC (2006) guidelines. The results show that Tridadi Village is dominated by residential land cover, with six main land cover classes: lakes/reservoirs, gardens/plantations, settlements, public green open spaces (PGOS), buildings, and irrigated rice fields. The average carbon stock and CO? uptake from all land cover types were 2,148.42 tons and 7,884.71 tons CO? per year, respectively, with public green open spaces providing the highest CO? absorption. Meanwhile, total domestic CO? emissions reached 19,748.64 tons per year, significantly exceeding the existing carbon sequestration capacity. The comparison shows that land cover CO? absorption accounts for only 39.93% of total CO? emissions in Tridadi Village. This indicates that current land cover is insufficient to offset domestic CO? emissions, thus highlighting the need to improve vegetative quality for supporting local climate change mitigation. This research is expected to serve as a basis for formulating sustainable land management policies and GHG inventory at the village level.

Kata Kunci : Simpanan karbon, emisi CO? domestik, tutupan lahan, ruang terbuka hijau, mitigasi iklim