Gambaran Kebutuhan Ayah dengan Bayi yang di Rawat di NICU RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta

Purwanti, Ika Parmawati, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kep., Sp.Kep.M.; Ika Parmawati, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kep., Sp.Kep.M

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar belakang: Periode neonatal merupakan masa krusial yang rentan terhadap berbagai gangguan kesehatan, sehingga memerlukan perawatan intensif di ruang Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Dalam kondisi ini, keterlibatan orang tua, khususnya ayah, sangat penting untuk mendukung proses penyembuhan dan kesejahteraan emosional bayi. Namun, peran ayah dalam perawatan neonatus di NICU seringkali belum optimal dan terabaikan. Pendekatan Family Centered Care (FCC) diperlukan untuk memahami serta memenuhi kebutuhan emosional dan informatif ayah secara menyeluruh.

Tujuan penelitian: Mengidentifikasi kebutuhan para ayah yang memiliki neonatus yang dirawat di ruang Neonatal Intensive Care Unit RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta.

Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Data dikumpulkan pada 21 Januari–9 Februari 2025 dari 64 ayah melalui teknik purposive dan quota sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner demografi dan NICU Family Needs Inventory (NFNI). Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat dan disajikan dalam distribusi frekuensi dan persentase.

Hasil: Kebutuhan ayah berada pada tingkat tinggi dengan skor rata-rata 3,40. Dimensi tertinggi adalah dukungan (3,57), kedekatan (3,48), dan informasi (3,42). Kebutuhan seperti telepon umum (2,83) dan bahan bacaan (3,00) memiliki skor rendah karena kurang relevan secara digital.

Kesimpulan: Para ayah yang memiliki neonatus di NICU RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta memiliki kebutuhan tinggi yang kompleks meliputi kepastian, dukungan, informasi, kenyamanan, dan kedekatan, yang dipengaruhi oleh usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, dan pendapatan, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan pelayanan berbasis keluarga yang mempertimbangkan karakteristik individual mereka.

Background: The neonatal period is a critical phase that is highly vulnerable to various health disorders, requiring intensive care in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). During this time, parental involvement, especially from fathers, plays a crucial role in supporting the healing process and the emotional well- being of the infant. However, the role of fathers in neonatal care in the NICU is often suboptimal and overlooked. A Family Centered Care (FCC) approach is needed to comprehensively understand and fulfill the emotional and informational needs of fathers.

Objective: To identify the needs of fathers with neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta.

Methods: This study used a descriptive quantitative design with a cross- sectional approach. Data were collected from January 21 to February 9, 2025, from 64 fathers using purposive and quota sampling techniques. The instruments used were a demographic questionnaire and the NICU Family Needs Inventory (NFNI). Data were analyzed using univariate analysis and presented in frequency and percentage distributions.

Results: Fathers’ needs were at a high level, with an average score of 3.40. The highest dimensions were support (3.57), closeness (3.48), and information (3.42). Some needs, such as access to public telephones (2.83) and reading materials (3.00), had lower scores due to limited relevance in the digital era. Conclusion: Fathers with neonates admitted to the NICU at RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta have high and complex needs involving assurance, support, information, comfort, and proximity, influenced by age, education, occupation, and income, thereby necessitating a family-centered service approach that considers individual paternal characteristics.

Kata Kunci : Bayi, Kebutuhan ayah, Neonatus Intensive Care Unit, Fathers’ needs, Infant