Strategi Penghidupan Masyarakat Penyandang Disabilitas Dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19 di Kabupaten Sleman (Kasus: Difabel Penerima Manfaat Dari Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat)

Lonita Qurrota A'yun Siregar, Dr. Alia Fajarwati, S.Si., M.IDEA.

2025 | Skripsi | PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH

Penelitian ini mengkaji strategi penghidupan penyandang disabilitas di Kabupaten Sleman dalam menghadapi pandemi COVID-19, dengan fokus pada kelompok Tuna Netra, Tuna Rungu, dan Tuna Daksa. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis dampak pandemi dan kebijakan pemerintah, mengidentifikasi strategi penghidupan, serta merekomendasikan kebijakan inklusif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi kasus. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi, dan metode snowball. Informan berjumlah 28 orang penyandang disabilitas, dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling berdasarkan jenis disabilitas, usia, dan pekerjaan.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan mayoritas Tuna Netra dan Tuna Rungu berada pada strategi bertahan dengan pendapatan kurang dari Rp500.000/bulan akibat pekerjaan informal terhambat pandemi, sementara sebagian Tuna Daksa mencapai konsolidasi dengan rentang pendapatan Rp1-2 juta/bulan melalui pemberdayaan LSM. Tidak ditemukannya strategi akumulasi, mencerminkan kerentanan ekonomi tinggi. Faktor pengaruh meliputi dukungan eksternal seperti pelatihan, akses pasar, dukungan sosial, dan keterbatasan modal, keterampilan, serta informasi bantuan.

Penelitian ini merekomendasikan kebijakan berbasis kebutuhan spesifik seperti penambahan kebijakan perlindungan dan pemuliaan disabilitas kepada pemerintah dan dukungan LSM sebagai leading sector penyusunan naskah akademi kebijakan pemerintah. Kolaborasi antara pemerintah, LSM, dan komunitas disabilitas diperlukan untuk menciptakan ekosistem yang mendukung penghidupan berkelanjutan, sehingga penyandang disabilitas dapat berpartisipasi penuh dalam kehidupan sosial dan ekonomi pasca-krisis.

This research examines the livelihood strategies of persons with disabilities in Sleman Regency in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a focus on visually impaired, hearing impaired, and physically disabled groups. The objectives of the study are to analyze the impact of the pandemic and government policies, identify livelihood strategies, and recommend inclusive policies. This study utilizes a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were analyzed descriptively and collected through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and the snowball sampling method. The informants comprised 28 persons with disabilities, selected through purposive sampling based on disability type, age, and occupation.

The findings indicate that the majority of visually and hearing-impaired individuals adopted survival strategies, with incomes below IDR 500,000 per month due to disruptions in informal employment caused by the pandemic. Meanwhile, some physically disabled individuals achieved consolidation, with incomes ranging from IDR 1-2 million per month through empowerment programs by Non- Governmental Organizations (NGOs). The absence of accumulation strategies reflects a high degree of economic vulnerability. Influential factors included external support such as training, market access, and social assistance, as well as limitations in capital, skills, and access to aid information.

This research recommends the implementation of needs-based policies, such as the enhancement of protection and empowerment measures for persons with disabilities by the government, and support for NGOs as a leading sector in drafting academic papers for government policy. Collaboration between the government, NGOs, and disability communities is essential to create a supportive ecosystem for sustainable livelihoods, enabling persons with disabilities to fully participate in social and economic life in the post-crisis period.

Kata Kunci : Penyandang disabilitas, strategi penghidupan, pandemi COVID-19, Kabupaten Sleman, pemberdayaan, inklusi sosial./Persons with disabilities, livelihood strategies, COVID-19 pandemic, Sleman Regency, empowerment, social inclusion.