Efektivitas Albendazole Terhadap Kejadian Nematodiasis Pada Kambing Peranakan Etawa

Fadia Nur Sabrina, drh. Dwi Sunu Datrianto, M.Sc.

2025 | Skripsi | KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Nematodiasis merupakan penyakit akibat infestasi cacing nematoda dan menjadi salah satu tantangan utama dalam usaha beternak kambing. Pengendalian nematodiasis umumnya dilakukan dengan anthelmintik golongan benzimidazole, yaitu albendazole. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas albendazole dalam menurunkan jumlah telur cacing nematoda gastrointestinal pada kambing Peranakan Etawa (PE), baik dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang pasca pemberian obat. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel feses dari 30 ekor kambing PE (15 jantan dan 15 betina) di peternakan Sriharjo, Imogiri, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Sampel feses diperiksa menggunakan metode McMaster. Kambing yang terdiagnosis mengalami nematodiasis diobati dengan pemberian albendazole secara oral, dengan dosis berkisar antara 7,5 hingga 10 mg per kilogram berat badan. Efektivitas albendazole dihitung menggunakan metode Faecal Egg Count Reduction (FECR). Data yang diperoleh ditabulasi dan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 30 kambing (100%) positif nematodiasis (400 sampai 3550 EPG) dan nilai FECR sebesar 99,56%, yang menunjukkan bahwa albendazole efektif dalam menurunkan jumlah telur cacing nematoda. Dua bulan setelah pemberian albendazole, terjadi peningkatan kembali rata-rata EPG sebesar 198,33, yang mengindikasikan kemungkinan reinfestasi akibat siklus hidup nematoda yang cepat serta tidak adanya efek residual dari albendazole.

Nematodiasis is a disease caused by nematode infestation and represents one of the major challenges in goat farming. Control of nematodiasis is commonly carried out using benzimidazole-class anthelmintics, such as albendazole. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of albendazole in reducing gastrointestinal nematode egg counts in Peranakan Etawa (PE) goats, both in the short and long term after treatment. The study used fecal samples from 30 PE goats (15 males and 15 females) from a farm in Sriharjo, Imogiri, Bantul, Yogyakarta. Fecal samples were examined using the McMaster technique. Goats diagnosed with nematodiasis were treated orally with albendazole at a dose ranging from 7.5 to 10 mg per kilogram of body weight. The effectiveness of albendazole was calculated using the Faecal Egg Count Reduction (FECR) method. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed descriptively. The results showed that all 30 goats (100%) were positive for nematodiasis, with egg counts ranging from 400 to 3,550 eggs per gram (EPG), and the FECR value was 99.56%, indicating that albendazole was effective in reducing nematode egg counts. However, two months after treatment, there was an increase in the average EPG by 198.33, suggesting possible reinfestation due to the rapid life cycle of nematodes and the lack of residual effects from albendazole.

Kata Kunci : Albendazole, EPG, FECR, Kambing PE, McMaster, Nematodiasis.