Produksi Susu Kambing Sapera (Capra aegagrus hircus) Pada Kondisi Umur Berbeda di Slamet Susy (SS) Farm, Maguwoharjo

Linda Putri Anindrya, drh. Nur Ika Prihanani, M.Sc.

2025 | Tugas Akhir | D4 Teknologi Veteriner

Kambing Sapera (Saanen Peranakan Etawa) merupakan salah satu kambing perah dengan produksi susu tinggi, yaitu mencapai 1,5 hingga 3 liter/ekor/hari selama masa laktasi. Umur ternak merupakan salah satu faktor yang memengaruhi produksi susu. Slamet Susy (SS) Farm merupakan peternakan kambing Sapera yang memproduksi susu segar dari induk kambing yang berbeda umur. Tujuan penyusunan Tugas Akhir adalah untuk mengetahui produksi susu kambing Sapera pada kondisi umur berbeda di SS Farm. Variabel lain yang diamati meliputi berat badan (BB), body condition score (BCS), dan ketercukupan pakan. Sampel ditentukan secara purposive sampling berdasarkan dua kategori umur kambing, yaitu 16 ekor kambing Sapera berumur dua dan empat tahun dengan jumlah masing-masing sebanyak tujuh ekor dan sembilan ekor. Data produksi susu kambing Sapera pada umur berbeda dianalisis menggunakan Independent Sample T-Test, hubungan antara BB dan BCS terhadap produksi susu diuji korelasi Pearson dengan software SPSS 24, sedangkan data ketercukupan pakan dianalisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil uji T-test menunjukkan bahwa produksi susu kambing Sapera pada umur berbeda tidak berbeda (P>0,05). Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi, tidak terdapat hubungan antara BB terhadap produksi susu kambing Sapera pada umur berbeda(R=-0,207; 0,211), akan tetapi BCS kambing Sapera berumur dua tahun di bulan ke-2 pengamatan berkorelasi kuat (R=-0,729) terhadap produksi susu. Kambing Sapera di SS Farm diketahui mengalami defisiensi kebutuhan metabolism energy (ME) dan protein kasar (PK), akan tetapi memiliki kelebihan nutrien berupa kandungan pakan Ca dan P.  

The Sapera goat (Saanen Peranakan Etawa) is one of the dairy goats with high milk production, reaching 1.5 to 3 liters/head/day during lactation. Age is one of the factors that influence milk production. Slamet Susy (SS) Farm is a Sapera goat farm that produces fresh milk from goats of different ages. The objective of this thesis is to determine milk production in Sapera goats under different age conditions at SS Farm. Other variables observed include body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), and feed adequacy. The sample was determined using purposive sampling based on two age categories of goats, namely 16 Sapera goats aged two and four years, with seven and nine goats respectively. Data on Sapera goat milk production at different ages were analyzed using an Independent Sample T-Test, the relationship between BW and BCS on milk production was tested using Pearson's correlation with SPSS 24 software, while feed adequacy data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis. The T-test results showed that Sapera goat milk production at different ages was not significantly different (P>0.05). Based on the correlation test results, there was no relationship between BW and milk production of Sapera goats at different ages (R = -0.207; 0.211), but the BCS of two-year-old Sapera goats in the second month of observation was strongly correlated (R = -0.729) with milk production. Sapera goats at SS Farm were found to have deficiencies in metabolic energy (ME) and crude protein (CP) requirements, but they had an excess of nutrients in the form of feed calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P).

Kata Kunci : kambing Sapera, produksi susu, umur