KARAKTERISTIK EKSTERIOR INDUK SAPI PO DAN PERSILANGANNYA DI KABUPATEN PACITAN

Adisti Rastosari, Panjono, S.Pt., MP., Ph.D.; Tety Hartatik, S.Pt., Ph.D

2003 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik eksterior induk sapi PO dan persilangannya di Kabupaten Pacitan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 105 ekor sapi, yang terdiri dari 35 ekor sapi PO, 35 ekor LimPO, dan 35 ekor sapi SimPO. Metode yang digunakan dengan wawancara terhadap peternak dan dilanjutkan dengan pengamatan eksterior ternak serta pengukuran ukuran tubuh ternak. Sapi PO berwarna dominan putih, sapi LimPO dominan coklat (68,6%) dan sapi SimPO dominan cokelat (57,1%). Moncong sapi PO berwarna hitam, sapi LimPO hitam (48,6%); coklat (51,4%); sapi SimPO hitam (51,4%) dan coklat (48,6%). Sapi SimPO memiliki warna lain di tubuhnya yaitu warna putih di kepala. Kipas ekor dan tracak pada sapi PO berwarna hitam, Sapi LimPO hitam (48,6%); coklat (51,4%); sapi SimPO hitam (54,3%) dan coklat (45,7%). Ukuran tubuh ternak yang meliputi lingkar dada, tinggi gumba, panjang badan, tinggi pinggul dan indeks kepala untuk sapi PO berturut-turut 160,36±9,57 cm; 122,13±5,29 cm; 113,81±8,52 cm; 126,31±4,77 cm; dan 0,41±0,05; untuk sapi LimPO berturut turut 167,27±14,33 cm; 128,59±8,02 cm; 124,44±8,83 cm; 131,43±8,29 cm; dan 0,47±0,06; untuk sapi SimPO berturut-turut 164,67±8,59 cm; 123,97±6,91 cm; 126,44±9,64 cm; 126,04±7,56 cm; dan 0,50±0,07. Estimasi berat badan sapi PO, sapi LimPO, dan sapi SimPO 271,11±41,66; 325,34±74,46; dan 317,40±46,30 kg. BCS sapi PO, sapi LimPO, dan sapi SimPO 2,37±0,73; 2,63±1,11; dan 2,37±0,87. Umur kawin pertama sapi PO, sapi LimPO dan sapi SimPO 22,29±4,73; 20,91±3,04; dan 21,43±3,35 bulan. Umur beranak pertama sapi PO, LimPO, dan SimPO 33,77±9,88; 28,11±12,07; dan 22,46±15,70 bulan. Sapi PO, LimPO, dan SimPO mempunyai S/C 1,54±0,65; 1,38±0,50; dan 1,63±0,68 kali. PPE sapi PO, LimPO, dan SimPO 4,31±1,03; 3,54±0,81; dan 3,10±1,74 bulan. PPM sapi PO, sapi LimPO, dan sapi SimPO 5,46±1,27; 4,34±0,98; dan 4,37±1,38 bulan. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa sapi PO, sapi LimPO dan sapi SimPO memiliki perbedaan karakteristik eksterior dimana sapi SimPO memiliki warna putih di kepala. Sapi LimPO memiliki rerata lingkar dada, tinggi gumba, tinggi pinggul dan BCS lebih besar dibandingkan dengan sapi SimPO dan sapi PO sedangkan rerata panjang badan dan indeks kepala sapi SimPO lebih besar dibandingkan dengan sapi LimPO dan sapi PO. Kinerja reproduksi sapi persilangan lebih baik daripada sapi PO. Kata kunci : Karakteristik eksterior, Sapi PO, Sapi LimPO, dan Sapi SimPO.

THE EXTERIOR CHARACTERISTIC OF ONGOLE GRADE COW AND ITS CROSSBRED IN PACITAN Adisti Rastosari 06/194337/PT/05066 Abstract The objective of the research was identity to know the exterior characteristics of Ongole Grade Cow and the crossbreeding in Pacitan. Total of 105 head cattle, consist of 35 Ongole Grade Cattle, 35 LimPO and 35 SimPO. Ongole Grade’s coat dominated by white color (100%), coat of LimPO and SimPO dominated by light brown (5.7%) and (17.1%), brown (68.6%) and (57.1%), dark brown (25.7%) both. The muzzle color’s of Ongole Grade was (100%) black, black (48.6%) and brown (51.4%) for LimPO, black (51.4%) and brown (48.6%) for SimPO. SimPO had a white color on its head. The tail and nail color’s of Ongole Grade was (100%) black, black (48.6%) and brown (51.4%) for LimPO, black (54.3%) and brown (45.7%) for SimPO. Body sizes consisted of the heart girth, withers height, body length, hip height and head index for Ongole Grade were 160.36±9.57 cm; 122.13±5.29 cm; 113.81±8.52 cm; 126.31±4.77 cm; and 0.41±0.05; for LimPO were 167.27±14.33 cm; 128.59±8.02 cm; 124.44±8.83 cm; 131.43±8.29 cm; and 0.47±0.06; for SimPO were 164.67±8.59 cm; 123.97±6.91 cm; 126.44±9.64 cm; 126.04±7.56 cm; and 0.50±0.07. Body weight of Ongole Grade, LimPO, and SimPO were 271.11±41.66; 325.34±74.46; and 317.40±46.30 kg. BCS of Ongole Grade, LimPO, and SimPO were 2.37±0.73; 2.63±1.11; and 2.37±0.87. First mating age of Ongole Grade, LimPO, and SimPO were 22.29±4.73 months; 20.91±3.04 months; and 21.43±3.35 months. First age whelped of Ongole Grade, LimPO, and SimPO were 33.77±9.88 months; 28.11±12.07 months; and 22.46±15.70 months. S/C of Ongole Grade, LimPO, and SimPO were 1.54±0.65; 1.38±0.50; and 1.63±0.68 times. PPE of Ongole Grade, LimPO, and SimPO were 4.31±1.03 months; 3.54±0.81 months; and 3.10±1.74 months. PPM of Ongole Grade, LimPO, and SimPO were 5.46±1.27 months; 4.34±0.98 months; and 4.37±1.38 months. From this research could be concluded that Ongole Grade, LimPO, and SimPO had different characteristic exterior which SimPO had a white color on its head. Heart girth, withers height, hip height and BCS of LimPO were larger than SimPO and Ongole Grade whereas body length and head index of SimPO were larger than LimPO and Ongole Grade. The reproduction of crossbreed cattle were better than Ongole Grade. (Key words: Exterior characteristic, Ongole grade cattle, LimPO, SimPO)

Kata Kunci : Karakteristik eksterior, Sapi PO, Sapi LimPO, dan Sapi SimPO.