Pengaruh Penambahan Limbah Organik dan Ko-kultur Bakteri terhadap Degradasi Hidrokarbon Tanah Tercemar dari Desa Wonocolo, Bojonegoro, Jawa Timur
Annisa Elchamida, Prof. Dr. rer.nat. Andhika Puspito Nugroho, S.Si., M.Si ; Prof. Dr. Endah Retnaningrum, M.Eng.
2025 | Tesis | S2 Biologi
Pencemaran hidrokarbon merupakan ancaman bagi
lingkungan tanah dan berpotensi
meluas ke perairan sehingga dapat menganggu kesehatan manusia. Penelitian ini
berfokus pada penguraian hidrokarbon di lahan bekas tambang minyak dengan
menggunakan ko-kultur bakteri indigen dan limbah organik dedak padi dan kotoran
unggas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik dan potensi
isolat bakteri indigen dalam menguraikan hidrokarbon serta membandingkan penambahan
limbah organik terhadap efisiensi degradasi. Tahapan penelitian meliputi
karakterisasi bakteri, uji sinergis antarisolat, screening ko-kultur pada media
cair, optimasi ko-kultur, dan uji degradasi tanah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian
menunjukkan bahwa dari lima isolat bakteri, seluruh kombinasi memperlihatkan
interaksi sinergis. Dua isolat terpilih yaitu DIA 6 & 10 teridentifikasi
memiliki potensi tinggi dalam pengujian pada media cair ditunjukkan dengan hasil produksi biomassa
tertinggi. Hasil uji degradasi
tanah menunjukkan perlakuan tanpa limbah organik (P1) dan perlakuan dengan
penambahan limbah organik (P2) menghasilkan penurunan Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) masing-masing menjadi 93,54 dan 99,67 mg kg-1.
Hydrocarbon
pollution poses a threat to the soil environment and has the potential to
spread to water bodies, thus endangering human health. This research focuses on
the decomposition of hydrocarbons in a former oil mining area using a
co-culture of indigenous bacteria and organic waste such as rice bran and
poultry manure. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics
and potential of indigenous bacterial isolates in decomposing hydrocarbons and
to compare the addition of organic waste to degradation efficiency. The
research stages included bacterial characterization, synergy testing between
isolates, co-culture screening in liquid media, co-culture optimization, and
soil degradation testing. The results showed that of the five bacterial
isolates, all combinations exhibited synergistic interactions. Two selected
isolates, DIA 6 and 10, were identified as having high potential in the liquid
media test, as evidenced by the highest biomass production. The results of the
soil degradation test showed that the treatment without organic waste (P1) and
the treatment with the addition of organic waste (P2) resulted in a reduction
in Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) to 93.54 and 99.67 mg kg-1, respectively.
Kata Kunci : Ko-kultur, Hidrokarbon, TPH, Kotoran Unggas, Dedak Padi
