PERBANDINGAN PANDANGAN MASYARAKAT INDONESIA DAN JEPANG TERHADAP PERNIKAHAN DAN PENURUNAN ANGKA PERNIKAHAN

Maheswari Flora Ramadhani, Najih Imtihani, S.S., M.A.

2025 | Skripsi | SASTRA JEPANG

Penelitian ini menganalisis perbandingan pandangan masyarakat Indonesia dan Jepang terhadap pernikahan dan penurunan angka pernikahan. Jepang telah mengalami penurunan angka pernikahan selama bertahun-tahun, sedangkan fenomena serupa mulai terjadi di Indonesia dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui persamaan dan perbedaan keputusan masyarakat Indonesia dan Jepang terkait pernikahan di era saat ini serta pandangan mereka terhadap penurunan angka pernikahan di negara masing-masing.

 

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data diperoleh melalui metode survei dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada sejumlah masyarakat Indonesia dan Jepang. Selain itu, metode wawancara digunakan dengan memilih beberapa responden dari kedua negara untuk diwawancarai guna memperoleh data yang lebih mendalam. Sumber-sumber sekunder, seperti riset terdahulu, hasil survei, dan situs web digunakan untuk melengkapi data. Data lalu dianalisis dengan metode analisis komparatif guna membandingkan persamaan dan perbedaan antara jawaban responden Indonesia dan Jepang.

 

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara garis besar, terdapat banyak kesamaan pandangan antara responden Indonesia dan Jepang terhadap pernikahan dan penurunan angka pernikahan. Persamaan tersebut meliputi: (1) keinginan menikah, (2) pandangan terhadap penundaan pernikahan dan ketidakinginan untuk menikah, serta (3) pemahaman mengenai penurunan angka pernikahan di negara masing-masing. Namun demikian, terdapat pula perbedaan yang signifikan, khususnya mengenai pandangan terhadap dampak demografis dari penurunan angka pernikahan. Mayoritas responden Indonesia memandang bahwa penurunan angka pernikahan berdampak positif terhadap kondisi demografi di Indonesia, sebaliknya hampir semua responden Jepang memandang bahwa hal tersebut berdampak negatif terhadap kondisi demografi di Jepang.

This research analyzes the comparison of views between Indonesians and Japanese on marriage and the decline in marriage rates. Japan has been experiencing a decline in marriage rates for many years, whereas a similar phenomenon has begun to occur in Indonesia in recent years. This research aims to identify the similarities and differences in the decisions of Indonesians and Japanese regarding marriage in the current era, as well as their views on the decline in marriage rates in their respective countries.

 

This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through a survey method by distributing questionnaires to a number of Indonesians and Japanese. In addition, interviews were conducted by selecting several respondents from both countries to collect more in-depth data. Secondary sources, such as existing research, survey results, and websites were used to complement the data. Data were then analyzed using a comparative analysis method to compare the similarities and differences between the responses of Indonesian and Japanese respondents.

 

The results indicate that, overall, there are many similarities in views between Indonesian and Japanese respondents on marriage and the decline in marriage rates. These similarities include: (1) the willingness to marry, (2) views on postponing marriage and the unwillingness to marry, and (3) acknowledgements of the decline in marriage rates in their respective countries. However, there are also significant differences, particularly regarding views on the demographic impacts of declining marriage rates. The majority of Indonesian respondents view the decline in marriage rates as having positive impacts on Indonesia's demographic conditions, on the other hand nearly all Japanese respondents view it as having negative impacts on Japan's demographic conditions.

Kata Kunci : pernikahan, penurunan angka pernikahan, pandangan, demografi