Analisis Pengaruh Steel Slag Sebagai Pengganti Agregat Halus Pada Campuran AC-WC Terhadap Ketahanan Rutting, Skid, dan Moisture Damage

Iqbal Rizqi Kurnia, Ir. Taqia Rahman, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D.

2025 | Skripsi | TEKNIK SIPIL

Perkerasan lentur merupakan jenis perkerasan jalan yang paling banyak digunakan di dunia dengan persentase mencapai 95%, menyebabkan konsumsi tajam dan penurunan jumlah agregat alam seperti kerikil dan pasir secara drastis. Penambangan agregat alam tak terbarukan menyebabkan konsumsi energi yang tinggi dan kerusakan lingkungan ekologi disekitarnya. Di sisi lain, limbah samping dari industri baja berupa steel slag terus meningkat, menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan akibat pelindian logam berat. Oleh karena itu, pemanfaatan steel slag sebagai material alternatif dalam konstruksi perkerasan jalan dinilai potensial karena memiliki karakteristik fisik dan kimia yang mendukung kekuatan dan durabilitas perkerasan.

Penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh substitusi agregat halus dengan steel slag terhadap performa campuran Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC), difokuskan pada ketahanan terhadap rutting, skid, dan kerusakan akibat air (moisture damage). Tujuan utamanya adalah mengevaluasi performa campuran AC-WC dengan variasi kadar steel slag (0%, 20%, dan 40%) pada Kadar Aspal Optimum (KAO), serta mengidentifikasi kadar steel slag yang paling optimal berdasarkan hasil pengujian. Pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi Wheel Tracking (WT), British Pendulum Test (BPT), Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), dan stabilitas Marshall sisa. Digunakan sampel berbentuk slab yang dipadatkan menggunakan slab roller compactor untuk merepresentasikan hasil pemadatan lapangan, sementara sampel silinder diperoleh melalui core drilling.

Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa substitusi agregat halus dengan steel slag secara signifikan meningkatkan performa campuran AC-WC. Campuran dengan kadar steel slag 40% menunjukkan ketahanan rutting terbaik, dengan nilai rut depth 5.31 mm, kecepatan deformasi permanen 0.013 mm/menit, dan stabilitas dinamis 3327.54 lintasan/mm pada lintasan ke-5040. Skid resistance juga meningkat seiring bertambahnya kadar steel slag (0%, 20%, 40%), dengan nilai BPN berturut-turut 71.65, 78.85, dan 89. Ketahanan campuran terhadap kerusakan akibat air menunjukkan peningkatan, dengan kadar steel slag 20% memberikan performa paling optimal, dibuktikan dengan nilai Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) sebesar 86.94?n Retained Marshall Stability (RMS) sebesar 95.07%.

Flexible pavement is the most widely used pavement type in road construction worldwide, accounting for approximately 95% of total usage. This high dependency has resulted in excessive exploitation of natural aggregates such as gravel and sand, leading to significant environmental degradation and high energy consumption due to non-renewable resource extraction. Concurrently, the steel industry generates substantial amounts of steel slag, a by-product that poses environmental concerns related to the leaching of heavy metals. Consequently, steel slag has emerged as a potential alternative material in pavement construction, owing to its favorable physical and chemical properties that enhance pavement strength and durability.

This study aims to evaluate the performance of Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) mixtures incorporating steel slag as a partial replacement for fine aggregate. The research focuses on assessing rutting resistance, skid resistance, and moisture susceptibility. Asphalt mixtures were prepared with steel slag contents of 0%, 20%, and 40% at the optimum asphalt content. Laboratory tests included the Wheel Tracking Test, British Pendulum Test (BPT), Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), and Retained Marshall Stability. Slab specimens were compacted using a slab roller compactor to simulate field conditions, while cylindrical specimens were obtained through core drilling for further testing.

The results indicate that substituting fine aggregate with steel slag significantly enhances mixture performance. The mixture with 40% steel slag exhibited superior rutting resistance, with a rut depth of 5.31 mm, a deformation rate of 0.013 mm/min, and a dynamic stability of 3327.54 passes/mm. Skid resistance increased progressively with steel slag content, as reflected by British Pendulum Number (BPN) values of 71.65, 78.85, and 89. The mixture containing 20% steel slag demonstrated the highest resistance to moisture damage, with a Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) of 86.94% and a Retained Marshall Stability (RMS) of 95.07%.

Kata Kunci : Steel slag, Wheel Tracking, Skid Resistance, Indirect Tensile Strength, stabilitas Marshall sisa