EFEKTIVITAS BEBERAPA FUNGISIDA UNTUK PENGENDALIAN Colletotrichum spp. PENYEBAB PENYAKIT MATI PUCUK MANGGA

Azzara Maharani, Dr. Ir. Arif Wibowo, M. Agr.Sc.; Prof. Ani Widiastuti, S.P, M.P., Ph.D.

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU HAMA & PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN

Mangga merupakan komoditas hortikultura penting di Indonesia, namun produksinya menurun 6.275 ton dari 3,308 juta ton pada tahun 2022 menjadi 3,302 juta ton pada tahun 2023, salah satunya akibat infeksi jamur Colletotrichum spp. yang menyebabkan penyakit antraknosa dan mati pucuk mangga. Penyakit ini tergolong serius karena penyebarannya yang cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas berbagai fungisida dalam menghambat pertumbuhan miselium Colletotrichum spp. pada konsentrasi anjuran secara in vitro dan menghambat lesi nekrotik gejala mati pucuk Colletotrichum spp. secara in planta. Hasilnya, fungisida berbahan aktif piraklostrobin, prokloraz, dan campuran trifloksistrobin+tebukonazol efektif menghambat pertumbuhan miselium pada konsentrasi anjuran secara in vitro. Sebaliknya, propineb dan klorotalonil tidak efektif. Secara in planta, prokloraz efektif menghambat lesi nekrotik gejala mati pucuk oleh C. asianum sebesar 50% C. cairnsense sebesar 40%, sedangkan klorotalonil efektif fungisida pada C. asianum sebesar 43% pada C. cairnsense sebesar 30%.

Mango is an important horticultural commodity in Indonesia, however, its production decreased by 6,275 tons, from 3.308 million tons in 2022 to 3.302 million tons in 2023, partly due to fungal infections by Colletotrichum spp., which cause anthracnose and mango dieback diseases. These diseases are considered serious because of their rapid spread. This study aim to evaluate the effectiveness of various fungicides in inhibiting the mycelial growth of Colletotrichum spp. at the recommended concentrations in vitro, and in suppressing necrotic lesion symptoms of mango dieback caused by Colletotrichum spp. in planta. The results showed that fungicides with active ingredients pyraclostrobin, prochloraz, and a trifloxystrobin+tebuconazole mixture were effective at inhibiting mycelial growth at the recommended concentrations in vitro. In contrast, propineb and chlorothalonil were ineffective. In planta, prochloraz effectively suppressed necrotic lesions of dieback symptoms caused by C. asianum at 50% and C. cairnsense at 40%, while chlorothalonil was effective against C. asianum 43% and C. cairnsense 30%, respectively.

Kata Kunci : Colletotrichum asianum, Colletotrichum cairnsense, fungisida, mangga, mati pucuk