Sintesis Komposit Bismut Oksiiodida/Zeolit Alam (BiOI/ZA) dan Aplikasinya sebagai Akselerator Fotosintesis Bayam Brazil (Alternanthera sissoo)

Baiq Resa Aditia, Prof. Indriana Kartini, S.Si., M.Si., Ph.D. ; Prof. Drs. Sri Juari Santosa, M.Eng., Ph.D.

2025 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kimia

Peningkatan laju fotosintesis menjadi salah satu faktor yang dapat meningkatkan produksi tanaman. Peningkatan laju fotosintesis ini dapat dilakukan dengan menyemprotkan komposit fotokatalis dengan zeolit alam pada daun tanaman. Oleh karena itu pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis material fotokatalis BiOI yang dikompositkan dengan zeolit alam (ZA). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh BiOI dan BiOI/ZA terhadap laju fotosintesis bayam Brazil (Alternanthera sissoo)

BiOI dan komposit BiOI/ZA disintesis menggunakan metode solvotermal. Bi(NO3)3.5H2O sebanyak 0,485 g dan KI sebanyak 0,485 g digunakan sebagai prekursor pada sinteis BiOI kemudian dilakukan variasi penambahan massa zeolit alam yaitu 0,5; 1; 2; dan 3 g. Karakterisasi material hasil sintesis dilakukan menggunakan Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Surface Area Analyzer (SAA), dan Specular Reflectance-Ultra Violet Visible SR-UV. BiOI dan komposit BiOI/ZA disemprotkan pada daun bayam Brazil selama 4 minggu dengan penyemprotan 1 kali 2 hari.  Pengaruh BiOI dan komposit BiOI/ZA terhadap jumlah kadar klorofil dan laju fotosintesis diamati menggunakan klorofil meter untuk mengetahui jumlah klorofil bayam Brazil  dan Li-cor 6800 Photosynthesis Analyzer untuk mengetahui laju fotosintesis dari tanaman. Daun tanaman dengan jumlah klorofil dan laju fotosintesis tertinggi dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRF dan SEM.

Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan zeolit alam dapat meningkatkan luas permukaan dan mempengaruhi nilai energi celah pita komposit BiOI/ZA.  Laju fotosintesis terbaik dan jumlah klorofil tertinggi dihasilkan oleh tanaman yang disemprot dengan komposit BiOI/ZA 0,5 dengan laju fotosintesis 7,80 ?mol CO2/m2s dan rata-rata jumlah klorofil 30,1 SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development).

Increased photosynthesis rate is one of the factors that can increase crop production. that can increase crop production. This increase in photosynthesis rate

can be done by spraying photocatalyst composites with natural zeolite on plant leaves. on plant leaves. Therefore, in this study, the synthesis of BiOI photocatalyst material composited with natural zeolite. This research aims to determine the effect of BiOI and BiOI/ZA on the rate of photosynthesis of of Brazilian spinach (Alternanthera sissoo)

BiOI and BiOI/ZA composite were synthesized using solvothermal method. Bi(NO3)3.5H2O as much as 0.485 g and KI as much as 0.485 g were used as precursors in the synthesis of BiOI and then variations in the mass addition of natural zeolite were carried out, namely 0.5; 1; 2; and 3 g. Characterization of the synthesized material was carried out using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Surface Area Analyzer (SAA), and Specular Reflectance-Ultra Violet Visible SR-UV. BiOI and BiOI/ZA composite were sprayed on Brazilian spinach leaves for 4 weeks with spraying once every 2 days. The effect of BiOI and BiOI/ZA composite on the amount of chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate was observed using a chlorophyll meter to determine the amount of chlorophyll and Li-cor 6800 Photosynthesis Analyzer to determine the photosynthetic rate of Brazilian spinach plants. The plant leaves with the best results of the highest chlorophyll amount and photosynthetic rate were characterized using XRF and SEM.

The results showed that the addition of natural zeolite increased the surface area and reduced the band gap energy of the BiOI/zeolite composites. The best photosynthesis rate and highest chlorophyll content were achieved by plants treated with the BiOI/ZA 0.5 composite, showing a photosynthesis rate of 7,80 µmol CO?/m²s and an average chlorophyll content of 30,1 SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) units. 

Kata Kunci : BiOI, zeolit alam, fotosintesis, bayam Brazil (Alternanthera sissoo)