Hubungan Aktifitas Fisik dan Status Gizi pada Pasien PCOS di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Vatika Kamaliyyah Zahra, Tony Arjuna, M.Nut.Diet, PhD, AN, APD, PhD ; dr. Endah Rahmawati, M.A., Ph. D., Sp. OG

2025 | Skripsi | GIZI KESEHATAN

Latar Belakang: Sindrom Ovarium Polikistik (PCOS) merupakan gangguan hormonal wanita usia subur dengan prevalensi tinggi di Indonesia (42% di DIY) yang dipengaruhi oleh gaya hidup. Asupan dan aktivitas fisik memengaruhi status gizi pasien, dengan pola makan tidak sehat dan aktivitas rendah memperburuk gejala.

Tujuan:  Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi hubungan tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan status gizi pasien PCOS di Yogyakarta, serta mempertimbangkan faktor risiko lain.

Metode: Penelitian observasional cross-sectional ini dilaksanakan di Yogyakarta (Mei 2025) pada 30 pasien PCOS (usia 18-45 tahun) direkrut melalui convenient sampling. Data dikumpulkan via kuesioner (IPAQ, SQ-FFQ), pengukuran antropometri (BIA), dan rekam medis. Analisis data meliputi uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk, univariat, serta uji bivariat (t-test/ANOVA), dengan signifikansi p<0>

Hasil: Rata-rata aktivitas fisik responden tergolong sedang. Namun, aktivitas fisik (IPAQ) tidak menunjukkan hubungan signifikan dengan status gizi baik secara korelasi maupun uji beda antar kategori.. Riwayat komorbiditas cenderung berkorelasi positif dengan IMT. VAT Level cenderung lebih tinggi pada domisili perkotaan dan jenis pekerjaan informal. 

Kesimpulan: Mayoritas pasien PCOS memiliki aktivitas sedang, status gizi obesitas, dan massa lemak total tinggi, namun tanpa penumpukan lemak visceral. Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara aktivitas fisik dan status gizi. Asupan makronutrien, serta faktor sosiodemografi (domisili, jenis pekerjaan) juga berkorelasi dengan status gizi.

Background: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), a hormonal disorder affecting women of reproductive age with high prevalence in Indonesia (42% in D.I. Yogyakarta), is influenced by lifestyle. Dietary intake and physical activity impact patients' nutritional status, with unhealthy eating patterns and low activity worsening symptoms. 

Aim: This study aimed to identify the relationship between physical activity levels and nutritional status in PCOS patients in Yogyakarta, also considering other risk factors.

Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in Yogyakarta (May 2025) involving 30 PCOS patients (aged 18-45 years) recruited via convenient sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires (IPAQ for physical activity, SQ-FFQ for dietary intake), anthropometric measurements (BIA), and medical records. Data analysis included Shapiro-Wilk normality tests, univariate analysis, and bivariate analysis (t-test/ANOVA), with a significance level of p<0>

Results: Respondents' average physical activity was moderate. However, physical activity (IPAQ) did not show a significant relationship with nutritional status either through correlation (r very weak, non-significant) or difference tests between categories. A significant negative correlation was observed between carbohydrate intake and physical activity. History of comorbidities tended to be positively correlated with BMI. VAT Level tended to be higher in urban domicile and informal/formal job types.

Conclusion: The majority of PCOS patients exhibited moderate activity, obese nutritional status, and high total body fat, but without dominant visceral fat accumulation. No significant relationship was found between physical activity and nutritional status. Macronutrient intake and sociodemographic factors (domicile, job type) correlated with nutritional status.

Kata Kunci : PCOS, aktivitas fisik, status gizi