Kinerja Koperasi Unit Desa :: Studi tentang kinerja Koperasi Unit Desa di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Kabupaten Pasir

RIHADI, Kasmolo, Prof.Dr. Warsito Utomo

2004 | Tesis | Magister Administrasi Publik

Luas areal perkebunan kelapa sawit 58.167,44 ha, yang dikelola petani (PIR Plasma) 43 %, dikelola PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XIII 26% dan 31% dikelola oleh Perkebunan swasta. Disamping komoditi perkebunan kelapa sawit, juga perkebunan karet merupakan komoditi unggulan dengan luas areal 15.382 ha dan kelapa seluas 9.585.Dari luas areal perkebunan kelapa sawit yang dikelola petani mencapai 43%, maka berdiri Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD) diperbunan kelapa sawit. Peranan koperasi Unit desa menjadi sangat penting bagi petani, baik dalam memasarkan hasil produksi tandan buah segar (TBS) milik petani sawit kepihak PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XIII maupun dalam meyediakan kebutuhan pokok petani, karena petani merupakan anggota, maka dengan demikian KUD membuka jasa angkutan TBS sawit, unit usaha toko dan unit simpan pinjam untuk memberikan pelayanan kepada anggotanya. Namun kenyataannya dari 15 KUD diperkebunan kelapa sawit yang dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian 7 KUD belum dapat mencapai sasaranya secara baik, yaitu dalam peningkatan sosial ekonomi anggotanya dan kegiatan usahanya pun malah mengalami kebangkrutan. Belum optimalnya implementasi kebijakan yang dituangkan dalam bentuk program pembinaan yang dilakukan Dinas Perindustrian, Perdagangan dan Koperasi Kabupaten Pasir, melalui pelaksanaan penyuluhan, pendidikan dan pelatihan, penyediaan informasi bisnis dan penyaluran kredit lunak, menyebabkan lemahnya struktur organisasi dan permodalan KUD. melihat fenomena yang terjadi pada Koperasi Unit Desa diperkebunan kelapa sawit, memberi motivasi kepada Dinas Perindustrian, Perdagangan dan Koperasi kabupaten Pasir untuk melihat mengapa KUD diperkebunan Kelapa sawit belum mencapai sasaran. Aspekaspek yang menjadi perhatian dan sesuai dengan tujuan pembangunan daerah yaitu melalui program pembangunan ekonomi diarahkan pada upaya pengembangan ekonomi kerakyatan yaitu “Koperasi Unit Desa dapat mencapai sasaran” adalah menetapkan kebijakan yang dituangkan dalam bentuk program pembinaan dengan kegiatan penyuluhan, pendidikan dan pelatihan, infomasi pasar (bisnis) serta penyediaan kredit lunak, sehingga terciptanya struktur kelembagaan yang kuat iklim usaha dan investasi yang sehat. Metode yang digunakan dalam mengkaji aspek tersebut adalah diskriptif kualitatif, sedangkan cara yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data adalah wawancara dan observasi, dan tehnik yang dipakai dalam menganalisis data adalah dengan wawncara dan observasi. Cara analisis data dapat dikatakan cukup baik, karena dapat memberikan informasi yang valid tentang keterkaitan hubungan data yang diambil. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa KUD diperkebunan kelapa sawit belum mencapai sasaran, karena kebijakan dan pembinaan belum optimal dilaksanakan. Sehingga KUD belum dapat mencapai sasaran, kondisi ini dapat diukur dari belum terpenuhinya dari aspek-aspek kajian tersebut berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis, sebagai rekomendasi berdasarkan hasil penelitian maka Dinas Perindustrian, Perdagangan dan Koperasi Kabupaten Pasir perlu mengkaji ulang serta membenahi kebijakan yang ditetapkan dalam bentuk pembinaan, KUD di pekebunan kelapa sawit dapat mencapai saran.

The wide area of oil palm plantation was about 58,167.44 ha which managed by the farmer (PIR Plasma) 43%, by PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XIII 26% and by private Plantation 31%. In addition to the oil palm plantation commodity, the rubber plantation was also the superior commodity in wide area about 15.382 ha and coconut plantation about 9.585. From the wide of oil palm plantation area which managed by the farmer was about 43%, hence established the Village Unit Cooperation (KUD) at the oil palm plantation. The role of Village Unit Cooperation becomes most importance to the farmer. Both in the marketing production result of fresh fruit stem (TBS) owned by the oil palm farmer to PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XIII party or supplying a basic necessity of the farmer. Since the farmer was also a member, therefore hence KUD opening the transport service of oil palm TBS, shop business unit and saving and loan unit on giving service to their member. But in fact from 15 KUD in the oil palm plantation taken as sample on the research 7 KUD have not reached its target well, that is on increasing a social economic condition social of its member and its business activity has experienced of bankruptcy as well. The implementation of policy that does not operate yet optimally and poured in form of the construction program carried out by Industry, Commerce and Cooperation Department of Sand Regency. Through counseling, training and educating, supplying information business and distributing of soft credit was caused the weak of organization structure and capital of KUD. Looking at the phenomenon happened in the Village Unit Cooperation at the oil palm plantation, gives motivation to Industry, Commerce and Cooperation Department, Sand Regency to see in why does KUD in the oil palm plantation have not yet reached the target. These aspects become attention and agree with the objective of development area that is through the economic development program aimed at effort on the populace economic development. That is "Village Unit Cooperation can reach the target" was to determine the policy in form of construction program with counseling, training and education activity, and market information (business) so that created the strong institute structure of business climate and the healthy investment. The method used on investigating these aspect was qualitative descriptive, while the way which used in data collection was observation and interview, and technique used on analyzing data was observation and interview. The manner of data analysis can be told is good enough, because it can give valid information about a relevant relationship of taken data. The result indicated that KUD in the oil palm plantation of have not yet reached the target, because the policy and establishment has not yet executed optimally. So that KUD has not reached the target, such condition can be measured from not yet fulfilled of the study aspects based on result of analysis. As recommendation pursuant to the result of research, hence the Industry, Trade and Cooperation Department, and Sand Regency need for reinvestigating and correct the policy that determined on the establishment form. KUD at the oil palm plantation was can reach the target.

Kata Kunci : Kinerja KUD,Pendapatan Anggota