Analisis Komunikasi Data Sistem Monitoring pada Sistem Motor Brushless Direct Current Berbasis Programmable System-on-Chip dengan Logging Parameter Real-Time

Fitri Nur Aida Arsy Khoiriyah, Prof. Ir. Sunarno, M.Eng., Ph.D., IPU.; Ir. Memory Motivanisman Waruwu, S.T., M.Eng., IPM.

2025 | Skripsi | FISIKA TEKNIK

Motor Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) dikenal andal dan berbiaya perawatan rendah, sehingga banyak digunakan pada kendaraan listrik. Namun, motor BLDC tetap memerlukan pemantauan parameter penting seperti beban, tegangan, arus, suhu, dan kecepatan putar agar performanya optimal. Sistem monitoring real-time yang valid dan terstruktur diperlukan untuk mencegah kerusakan dan menjaga efisiensi operasi.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan hasil uji sistem monitoring motor BLDC terhadap parameter utama secara terstruktur, real-time, valid, dan andal. Pengujian dilakukan baik pada sistem opened loop control maupun closed loop control dengan kontrol PID dan fuzzy logic.

Mekanisme pengujian dilakukan dengan pemrosesan data di PSoC dan pengiriman ke komputer setiap 20–30 detik. Hasilnya menunjukkan sistem monitoring mampu mencatat parameter utama motor BLDC secara real-time, valid, dan andal. Pada sistem opened loop control, rata-rata waktu pemrosesan 24?ms dengan interval pengiriman 223?ms, sedangkan pada sistem closed loop control untuk kontrol PID 29?ms dengan 235?ms, dan fuzzy logic 30?ms dengan 309?ms, seluruhnya memiliki validitas dan keandalan 100%. Pengujian hingga beban 3?kg dan kecepatan 3000?RPM mencatat tegangan maksimum 65,4?V, arus 3,4?A, suhu motor 54?°C, dan suhu eksternal 25?°C. Sistem ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengurangi risiko kerusakan dan memungkinkan pencegahan dini terhadap kondisi overvoltage, overcurrent, maupun overheat untuk menjaga keselamatan dan keandalan motor BLDC.

Brushless Direct Current (BLDC) motors are known for their reliability and low maintenance costs, making them widely used in electric vehicles. However, BLDC motors still require careful monitoring of key parameters such as load, voltage, current, temperature, and rotational speed to maintain optimal performance. A real-time, valid, and structured monitoring system is essential to prevent damage and ensure operational efficiency.

This study aims to evaluate a BLDC motor monitoring system for these key parameters in a structured, real-time, valid, and reliable manner. Testing was carried out on both open-loop and closed-loop control systems, with the closed-loop system implementing PID and fuzzy logic controllers.

The testing mechanism involved data processing on the PSoC and transmission to a computer every 20–30 seconds. The results showed that the monitoring system was able to record the main BLDC motor parameters in real time with high validity and reliability. In the open-loop control system, the average processing time was 24?ms with a data transmission interval of 223?ms, while in the closed-loop control system, the PID controller achieved 29?ms with 235?ms, and the fuzzy logic controller 30?ms with 309?ms, all maintaining 100?ta validity and reliability. Testing up to a load of 3?kg and a rotational speed of 3000?RPM recorded a maximum voltage of 65.4?V, current of 3.4?A, motor temperature of 54?°C, and ESC temperature of 25?°C. This monitoring system can help reduce the risk of damage and enable early prevention of overvoltage, overcurrent, and overheating, thereby maintaining the safety and reliability of the BLDC motor.

Kata Kunci : Motor BLDC, sistem monitoring, komunikasi data, real-time, BLDC motor, monitoring system, data communication