Pengaruh Perlakuan Produk Pasak Bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) terhadap Histologi Hepar Wader Pari (Rasbora lateristriata Bleeker, 1854)

Jihan Restu Buana, Prof. Dr. Bambang Retnoaji, S.Si., M.Sc.

2025 | Skripsi | BIOLOGI

Pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack) merupakan tanaman herbal yang mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti eurycomanone, saponin, sterol, dan isoprenoid yang diketahui memiliki berbagai efek fisiologi, termasuk terhadap organ hepar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh produk akar pasak bumi terhadap histologi hepar wader pari (Rasbora lateristriata), serta membandingkan pengaruh metode pemberian secara kontinu dan bersiklus (5 hari ON dan 2 hari OFF). Penelitian dilakukan selama dua minggu dengan tiga kelompok perlakuan: kontrol (tanpa ekstrak), pemberian siklus (P1), dan pemberian kontinnu (P2). Parameter yang diamati meliputi struktur jaringan hepar, yaitu vena sentralis dan susunan hepatosit, serta struktur histologis hepatosit. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji ANOVA satu arah dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pemberian perlakuan pasak bumi mempengaruhi struktur histologis organ hepar R. lateristriata, dengan ditemukannya kerusakan seluler berupa piknosis, karyorheksis, dan nekrosis. Perlakuan secara kontinu (P2) menimbulkan kerusakan yang lebih berat dibandingkan dengan perlakuan siklus (P1), meski keduanya meunjukan kerusakan yang signifikan dibanding kontrol. Dengan demikian, pola pemberian secara bersiklus dinilai lebih aman dan cenderung menimbulkan kerusakan yang lebih ringan pada jaringan hepar ikan dibandingkan pemberian secara kontinu.

Eurycoma longifolia jack (coomonly known as pasak bumi) is a medicine plant that contains various bioactive compounds such as eurycomanone, saponins, sterols, and isoprenoids, which are known to exert multiple physiological effects, including on the liver. This study aimed to examine the effects of pasak bumi root product on the liver histology of yellow rasbora (Rasbora lateristriata), and to compare the effects between continuous and cyclic (5 days ON, 2 days OFF) administration methods. The experiment lasted for two weeks with three treatment groups: control (no extract), continuous administration (P1), and cyclic administration (P2). Observed parameters included liver tissues structure, such as the central vein and hepatocytes arrangement, as well as histological features of hepatocytes. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s test. The results showed that pasak bumi administration affected the liver histological structure of R. lateristriata, with observable cellular damage in the form of pyknosis, karyorrhexis, and necrosis. Continuous treatment (P2) caused more severe damage compared to cyclic treatment (P1), which showed tissue structures more similar to the control group. Therefore, cyclic administration is considered to be safer and tends to induce milder liver damage in fish compared to continuous administration.

Kata Kunci : hepar, kontinu, pasak bumi, siklus, R. lateristriata