Sintesis Senyawa Epoksida dari p-Hidroksibenzaldehida dan Uji Aktivitasnya sebagai Antimalaria terhadap Plasmodium falciparum

FADHILA SALSABILA, Prof. Drs. Jumina, Ph.D.; Dr. Deni Pranowo, S.Si, M.Si.

2025 | Skripsi | KIMIA

Penelitian dengan judul Sintesis Senyawa Epoksida dari p-Hidroksibenzaldehida dan Uji Aktivitasnya sebagai Antimalaria terhadap Plasmodium falciparum telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mensintesis senyawa alil turunan benzaldehida dan epoksida turunan benzaldehida dengan bahan dasar p-hidroksibenzaldehida. Senyawa epoksida turunan benzaldehida hasil sintesis selanjutnya diuji aktivitas antimalaria terhadap Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3.

Sintesis senyawa alil turunan benzaldehida dilakukan dengan mereaksikan p-hidroksibenzaldehida dan alil bromida menggunakan basa K₂CO₃ dalam pelarut aseton. Sintesis senyawa epoksida turunan benzaldehida dilakukan dengan mereaksikan alil turunan benzaldehida hasil sintesis dan mCPBA selama 24 jam dengan 6 jam pemanasan pada suhu 50 °C dan 18 jam pengadukan pada suhu kamar. Hasil sintesis yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi menggunakan instrumen FT-IR, GC-MS, ¹H-NMR dan ¹³C-NMR. Senyawa epoksida turunan benzaldehida diuji aktivitas antimalaria terhadap parasit P. falciparum FCR-3 secara in vitro.

Sintesis turunan alil benzaldehida dan epoksida benzaldehida menghasilkan produk dengan persen hasil masing-masing sebesar 86?n 85%. Hasil uji aktivitas antimalaria senyawa epoksida benzaldehida terhadap P. falciparum FCR-3 menghasilkan IC₅₀ sebesar 2,309 µM. Berdasarkan nilai IC₅₀ yang diperoleh, maka senyawa epoksida benzaldehida digolongkan sebagai senyawa yang memiliki aktivitas antimalaria yang baik.

Research entitled Synthesis of Epoxide Compounds from p-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and Their Activity Assay as Antimalaria against Plasmodium falciparum has been conducted. The purpose of this study was to synthesize allyl benzaldehyde derivative compounds and epoxide benzaldehyde derivatives using p-hydroxybenzaldehyde as the starting material. The synthesized epoxide benzaldehyde derivative compounds were then tested for antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3.

The synthesis of allyl benzaldehyde derivative compounds was carried out by reacting p-hydroxybenzaldehyde and allyl bromide using K₂CO₃ base in acetone solvent. The synthesis of epoxide benzaldehyde derivative compounds was carried out by reacting allyl benzaldehyde derivatives from the synthesis and mCPBA for 24 hours with 6 hours of heating at 50 °C and 18 hours of stirring at room temperature. The synthesized compounds obtained were characterized using FT-IR, GC-MS, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR instruments. The benzaldehyde derivative epoxide compound was tested for in vitro antimalarial activity against P. falciparum FCR-3 parasites.

Synthesis of allyl benzaldehyde and benzaldehyde epoxide derivatives produced products with 86% and 85% yield, respectively. The results of the antimalarial activity test of the benzaldehyde epoxide derivative against P. falciparum FCR-3 produced an IC₅₀ of 2.309 µM. Based on the IC₅₀ value obtained, the benzaldehyde epoxide derivative is classified as a compound that has good antimalarial activity.

Kata Kunci : antimalaria, benzaldehida, epoksida, plasmodium.