Perilaku keruangan mahasiswa pemondok Fakultas Geografi UGM di Yogyakarta

Hensi Margaretta, Drs. M.R. Djarot Sadharto W., M.Sc.; Andri Kurniawan, S.Si., M.Si.

2004 | Skripsi | S1 PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH

Penelitian ini bertolak dari permasalahan mengenai perkembangan wilayah perkotaan Yogyakarta yang ditandai oleh banyaknya mahasiswa pemondok di Yogyakarta. Fenomena ini melahirkan perbedaan dalam perilaku keruangan yang disebabkan oleh persepsi yang berbeda-beda dari tiap individu dalam menyikapi ruang yang ditempati. Keberadaan mahasiswa dengan segenap aktivitasnya mengakibatkan munculnya pusat-pusat pelayanan baru, baik di sekitar pondokan maupun kawasan Perguruan Tinggi. Tema ini diangkat untuk mengetahui perilaku keruangan dan melihat perbedaan perilaku keruangan mahasiswa Fakultas Geografi UGM di kota Yogyakarta dalam memanfaatkan ruang sebagai agen dari pengembangan wilayah dan memberikan gambaran tentang mengapa dan bagaimana mahasiswa Fakultas Geografi berperilaku terhadap lingkungan sekitarnya. Metode pengumpulan data yang dipergunakan adalah dengan angket penelitian. Penentuan responden dilakukan dengan purposive sampling. Jumlah sampel yang diambil adalah 76 responden mahasiswa Fakultas Geografi angkatan 2000 dan 2001 yang mondok. Teknik analisa yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik parametrik under Windows, yaitu SPSS 11,5 dengan perhitungan tabel silang, Kai-Kuadrat, regresi ordinal, dan korelasi Spearman. Perilaku keuangan mahasiswa Fakultas Geografi UGM ternyata dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor, yaitu pendapatan orang tua mahasiswa tiap bulan dan pendapatan mahasiswa tiap bulan. Kedua faktor tersebut akan berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap frekuensi dan jarak kegiatan yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa Fakultas Geografi UGM, khususnya angkatan 2000 dan 2001. Dari penelitian itu juga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan berbanding lurus antara perilaku keruangan dengan variasi kegiatan. Semakin besar frekuensi dan jarak bepergiannya maka variasi kegiatannya juga akan semakin besar. Dampak dari perilaku keruangan mahasiswa pemondok Fakultas Geografi UGM terhadap pengembangan wilayah adalah terbukanya peluang kegiatan ekonomi bagi masyarakat setempat, pada dasarnya mahasiswa sangat membutuhkan ruang dalam melakukan aktivitasnya, sentra-sentra pelayanan baru mulai banyak berdiri di daerah pinggiran kota, distribusi fasilitas pelayanan hendaknya tak jauh dari sentra pendidikan, masih adanya aglomerasi perkotaan (sebagian mahasiswa masih melakukan aktivitas, seperti membelanjakan uangnya dan pergi ke bank ke daerah perkotaan) karena daerah pinggiran kota belum menjadi pusat bisnis dan sentra pelayanan bagi mahasiswa.

This research is based on the problem of city development regional in Yogyakarta signed by the development of pherypherial area like a settlement area, namely boarding houses. It is caused by many students come from another area, ethnic, and culture to Yogyakarta to continue their study to the higher level. This phenomena causes the differences in spatial behavioural. The differences in spatial behavioural can be caused by the different persepsion from each individual. The students in Yogyakarta with all their activities can effect the growth in new service center, not only around the boarding houses but also in campuss area. This theme is made to know the spatial behavioural among the students of Geography Faculty of Gadjah Mada University in Yogyakarta and to see the differences among them in using the space around them as the agent of area development. The research of Geography students is done merely to give the description why and how they behave to their society. The aims of this research are: first, to know the differences of spatial behavioural among the students of Geography Faculty according to the gender, second, to know the factors influencing the difference of the students space behavioural of Geography Faculty, and third, to know the space description of the activities done by the students of Geography Faculty. The method of collecting data of this research is using the questions guidance. This research is using the purposive sampling. There are 76 students who become the respondents of this research. They are the students of 2000 and 2001 years of Geography Faculty of Gadjah Mada University who live in a boarding house in Yogyakarta city. The analysis technic of this research is using parametric statistic under windows, namely SPSS 11,05 with table frequency, chi square, ordinal regression, and spearman correlation. In fact, the spatial behavioural of Geography Faculty students of Gadjah Mada University is influenced by two factors, namely the salary of the students parents in every month and the students income in every month. The two factors will influence significantly to frequency and distance of the activites done by the students of Geography Faculty of Gadjah Mada University, especially 2000 and 2001 level. From the research, we also can infer that there is relationship between spatial behavioural and activities variety. The more frequency and distance of their activities, the more activities variety. The effects of the spatial behavioural of the boarding students of Geography Faculty of Gadjah Mada University to area development are causing the citizen of Yogyakarta city to get some fields work so that they can increase their welfare, the students, exactly need space to do their activities, the new service center should be built not far from the education center. Still there is a city aglomeration (most of the students still do their activities, such as shopping and saving their money in core city) because the pherypherial area has not been the central business for students.

Kata Kunci : Perilaku keruangan,Depok,Sleman,DIY