KEKERASAN ATAS NAMA AGAMA DALAM NOVEL "ZUH?RUN TA`KULUH? AN-N?R" KARYA AM?R T?J AS-SIRR: ANALISIS SOSIOLOGI SASTRA

Selma Karamy Alfannania Sayyid, Dr. Mahmudah, S.S., M.Hum.

2025 | Skripsi | SASTRA ARAB

    Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk-bentuk kekerasan atas nama agama dalam novel Zuh?run Ta`kuluh? an-N?r karya Am?r T?j as-Sirr. Kekerasan yang ada di dalam novel ini dianalisis menggunakan teori sosiologi sastra dengan konsep kekerasan Robert F. Litke. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan penelitian, yakni tahap pengumpulan data, tahap analisis data, dan tahap penyajian hasil analisis data. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode simak catat. Adapun analisis data dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif analitik dengan menggunakan teori sosiologi sastra. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik homolog yang menyejajarkan fakta literer dalam novel Zuh?run Ta`kuluh? an-N?r karya Am?r T?j As-Sirr dengan fakta sosial.

    Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam novel Zuh?run Ta`kuluh? an-N?r ditemukan empat bentuk kekerasan atas nama agama dengan konsep kekerasan Robert F. Litke, yakni kekerasan personal-fisik, kekerasan personal-psikologis, kekerasan institusional-fisik, dan kekerasan institusional-psikologis. Pelaku kekerasan dalam novel ini adalah Al-Muttaq?, kelompok ekstremis yang membuat kerusuhan di kota As-S?r. Kekerasan oleh Al-Muttaq? ini ditujukan kepada penduduk minoritas (non-Islam) As-S?r dari berbagai kalangan, di antaranya keluarga saudagar, kaum pedagang, seniman, hingga misionaris Kristen. Bentuk kekerasan personal-fisik yang ditemukan berupa perampokan, pemerkosaan, dan pembunuhan. Bentuk kekerasan personal-psikologis berupa ancaman personal, dan pembunuhan karakter. Adapun bentuk kekerasan institusional-fisik berupa kerusuhan dan terorisme. Sementara itu, bentuk kekerasan institusional-psikologis berupa perbudakan dan rasisme. Dengan menggunakan analisis teknik homolog, kekerasan atas nama agama atas nama agama yang ditemukan dalam novel menunjukkan bahwa karya sastra tersebut mencerminkan kondisi sosial Sudan tahun 1950-an.

    This study aims to analyse the forms of violence in the name of religion in the novel Zuh?run Ta`kuluh? an-N?r by Am?r T?j as-Sirr. The violence in the novel is analysed using the sociology of literature theory with Robert F. Litke’s concept of violence. This research was conducted through three stages of research, namely the data collection stage, the data analysis stage, and the stage of presenting the results of data analysis. Data collection in this study was carried out using the simak catat method. The data analysis was carried out with descriptive analytical method using literary sociology theory. This research uses the homologous technique that aligns literary facts in the novel Zuh?run Ta`kuluh? an-N?r by Am?r T?j As-Sirr with social facts.

    The results of the study show that in the novel Zuh?run Ta`kuluh? an-N?r, four forms of violence in the name of religion were found with Robert F. Litke’s concept of violence, namely personal-physical violence, personal-psychological violence, institutional-physical violence, and institutional-psychological violence. The perpetrators of violence in this novel are Al-Muttaq?, an extremist group that caused riots in the city of As-S?r. The violence by Al-Muttaq? was directed at the minority (non-Muslim) population of As-S?r from various circles, including merchant families, traders, artists, and Christian missionaries. The forms of personal-physical violence found were robbery, rape, and murder. The forms of personal-psychological violence were paternalism, personal threats, and character assassination. The forms of institutional-physical violence were riots and terrorism. Meanwhile, the forms of institutional-psychological violence were slavery and racism. By using homologous technique analysis, the acts of violence in the name of religion found in the novel show that the literary work reflects the social conditions of Sudan in the 1950s.

Kata Kunci : kekerasan atas nama agama, perang saudara sudan, sosiologi sastra, Am?r T?j As-Sirr