Prarancangan Pabrik Kaprolaktam dari Benzena dengan Kapasitas Pabrik 50.000 Ton/Tahun
Syifa Alvandini Justine, Ir. Budhijanto, S.T., M.T., Ph.D., IPM.
2025 | Skripsi | TEKNIK KIMIA
In recent years, the demand for industrial chemicals in Indonesia has continued to increase in line with the growth of the manufacturing sector. One of the key chemicals that is still largely imported is caprolactam, which serves as the main raw material for producing nylon-6 polymer. Nylon-6 is a type of synthetic polymer that is widely used across various industries—ranging from textiles and automotive to electronics and packaging—due to its strong mechanical properties, resistance to friction, and flexibility. As a country with a rapidly growing manufacturing sector, Indonesia has a significant opportunity to develop a self-reliant and competitive downstream petrochemical industry, including the production of caprolactam-based polymers. However, dependence on imported caprolactam remains a major challenge in building a sustainable and efficient supply chain for polymer raw materials.
The caprolactam plant is planned to be established in Gresik, East Java, covering a land area of 59,844 hectares with a building area of 55.280 m², and employing 292 workers. The location was chosen based on raw material orientation, with benzene and hydrogen supplied by Petrokimia Gresik. The plant will operate 330 days per year, 24 hours a day, to produce 50.000 tons of caprolactam annually. The raw materials used include 75.930 tons/year of benzene, 5.710 tons/year of hydrogen, 91.558 tons/year of oleum, 312.386 tons/year of 25% ammonia, and 110.163 tons/year of 45% hydroxylamine sulfate.
The establishment of the caprolactam plant requires a fixed capital investment of USD 230.829.792,08 and working capital of USD 124.249.499,54. To achieve the production target of 50.000 tons per year, a manufacturing cost of USD 285.923.761,37 per year is needed. This caprolactam plant is categorized as low risk due to the use of proven technology and readily available raw materials. Based on the economic analysis, the plant has a Lang Factor of 6,66, a return on investment (ROI) before tax of 39,42% (with a reference range of 11%–44%), a payout time (POT) before tax of 2,07 years (range 2–5 years), a discounted cash flow rate of return (DCFRR) of 20,45% (minimum 8,25%), a break-even point (BEP) of 39,10%, and a shutdown point (SDP) of 20,56%. Based on these results, the proposed design for a caprolactam plant with a capacity of 50.000 tons/year is considered attractive and feasible for further evaluation.
Kata Kunci : benzena, petrokimia, kaprolaktam, nilon-6, polimer