Studi Adsorpsi Kristal Violet Menggunakan Adsorben Selulosa Terfosforilasi Berbasis Limbah Mahkota Nanas
Putri Lukitasari Prayogyo, Prof. Dr. Triyono, S.U. ; Dr. Sri Sudiono, S.Si., M.Si.
2025 | Skripsi | KIMIA
Penelitian pemanfaatan selulosa dari mahkota nanas dengan modifikasi fosforilasi untuk adsorpsi kristal violet telah dilakukan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah isolasi selulosa dari mahkota nanas, memodifikasi selulosa dengan fosfat, menentukan kondisi optimum adsorpsi kristal violet oleh adsorben selulosa terfosforilasi, dan mempelajari isoterm dan kinetika adsorpsi kristal violet oleh adsorben selulosa terfosforilasi. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan isolasi selulosa dari mahkota nanas dan selulosa dimodifikasi dengan reaksi fosforilasi. Adsorben selulosa terfosforilasi dianalisis dengan SEM–EDX, FTIR, dan XRD. Tahapan berikutnya adalah penentuan pH optimum adsorpsi sebagai penentuan isoterm dan kinetika adsorpsi, serta uji desorpsi.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum adsorben selulosa terfosforilasi berada di pH 5. Adsorpsi kristal violet dengan adsorben selulosa terfosforilasi mengikuti model isoterm Langmuir dengan nilai qmax dan KL sebesar 51,3 mg g–1 dan 0,015 L mol–1dan model kinetika orde kedua semu dengan konstanta laju adsorpsi sebesar 0,001 g mg–1 min–1. Persen desorpsi tertinggi dihasilkan dengan agen elusi NH3OHCl sebesar 40,06% mengindikasikan interaksi antara selulosa terfosforilasi dan kristal violet melalui ikatan hidrogen.
The utilization of cellulose derived from pineapple crowns modified with phosphorylation for the adsorption of crystal violet has been carried out. This research aims to isolate cellulose from pineapple crowns, to modified cellulose with phosphate, to determine the optimum conditions for crystal violet adsorption, and to analyze the adsorption isotherms and kinetics. In this research, cellulose was isolated from pineapple crowns and subsequently modified through phosphorylation reactions. The phosphorylated cellulose adsorbents were characterized using SEM–EDX, FTIR, and XRD techniques. The adsorption process was further evaluated to determine the optimum pH conditions, adsorption isotherm and kinetic models, and the desorption.
The findings
revealed that the maximum adsorption capacity was achieved at pH 5. The
adsorption behavior of crystal violet onto phosphorylated cellulose adsorbents
was best described by the Langmuir isotherm model, with qmax and KL
values of 51.3 mg g–1 dan 0.015 L mol–1, respectively. Additionally, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model,
with an adsorption rate constant of 0.001
g mg–1
min–1, was found to be applicable. The highest desorption percentage, 40.06%,
was achieved using NH?OHCl as the elution agent indicating the interaction
between phosphorylated cellulose and crystal violet through hydrogen bond.
Kata Kunci : adsorpsi, fosforilasi, kristal violet, mahkota nanas, selulosa
