Studi Anatomi Sistem Reproduksi Betina Garangan Jawa (Urva javanica)

Elgracia Rachel Kidung Kinasih, Prof. drh. Teguh Budipitojo, MP., Ph.D

2025 | Skripsi | KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Garangan jawa (Urva javanica) merupakan satwa endemik famili Herpestidae dengan status konservasi “least concern” oleh IUCN dan Appendices III CITES. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan morfometri dan histologi ovarium, oviduk, uterus, dan vagina dari tiga garangan jawa berusia 1, 4, dan 5 bulan. Organ dikoleksi, difiksasi dalam larutan NBF 10%, dan diproses menggunakan pewarnaan Hematoksilin-Eosin (HE). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ovarium berbentuk oval kecil dan memiliki folikel bervariasi sesuai usia. Folikel de Graaf hanya ditemukan pada garangan berusia 5 bulan sehingga dinyatakan usia dewasa kelamin garangan dimulai dari 5 bulan. Oviduk memiliki panjang kurang dari 1 cm dan tidak dapat dibedakan secara makroskopik. Segmen oviduk dapat dibedakan dengan melihat tunika muskularis dan plika tunika mukosa, dengan epitel pseudokompleks bersilia selang-seling. Uterus bicornu dengan cornu panjang dan corpus pendek dengan ketebalan lapisan uterus meningkat seiring pertambahan usia yang menandakan kesiapan fungsional reproduksi. Glandula endometrium terbentuk dari evaginasi epitel luminal yang berbentuk kuboid simpleks. Serviks berukuran 3 – 4 mm, memiliki plika longitudinalis kompleks dan ditemukan uretra di bagian kaudal. Kompleksitas lipatan longitudinal pada serviks akan berkurang menuju ke bagian distal. Vagina berdinding tipis, panjang 8 – 9 mm, memiliki 3 lapisan otot, dan epitelnya skuamus kompleks.

The Javan mongoose (Urva javanica) is an endemic species of the Herpestidae family, currently listed as “Least Concern” by the IUCN and included in CITES Appendix III. This study aimed to describe the morphometry and histology of the ovary, oviduct, uterus, and vagina in three female Javan mongooses aged 1, 4, and 5 months. The organs were collected, fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF), and processed using Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. The results showed that the ovaries were small and oval-shaped, with follicular development varying by age. Graafian follicles were observed only in the 5-month-old specimen, indicating that sexual maturity begins at 5 months of age. The oviducts were less than 1 cm in length and not distinguishable macroscopically. However, oviductal segments could be differentiated histologically based on the tunica muscularis and the mucosal folds, which were lined by alternating ciliated pseudostratified epithelium. The uterus was bicornuate, with long uterine horns and a short corpus, and the uterine wall thickness increased with age, indicating progressive reproductive readiness. Endometrial glands were formed by evagination of simple cuboidal luminal epithelium. The cervix measured 3–4 mm, featured complex longitudinal folds, and the urethra was located caudally. The complexity of cervical folds decreased distally. The vagina was thin-walled, 8–9 mm in length, composed of three muscle layers, and lined by stratified squamous epithelium.

Kata Kunci : garangan jawa, histologi, hematoksilin eosin, reproduksi betina