Green Economy Sapi Potong Didukung Potensi Lahan Pakan Lokal dan Inovasi Teknologi dengan Pendekatan Akuntansi Sumberdaya di Kabupaten Manokwari

Iriani Sumpe, rof. Dr. Ir. Tri Anggraeni Kusumastuti, S.P., M.P.,IPM; Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Suhartanto, DEA, IPU; Dr. Ir. Siti Andarwati, S.Pt., M.P., IPU., ASEAN Eng.

2025 | Disertasi | S3 Ilmu Peternakan

Keberlanjutan ternak sapi potong sebagai plasma nutfah memerlukan dukungan potensi sumber daya lahan dan inovasi teknologi, sesuai dengan hasil Konferensi PBB di Rio de Janeiro 2012 terkait pembangunan berkelanjutan melalui tiga pilar: ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi potensi lahan pakan hijauan lokal, produksi tanaman pakan lokal, kapasitas tampung ternak, nilai ekonomi hijauan lokal; mengetahui profil pelaku inovasi  sapi potong,  inovasi teknologi yang digunakan; dan faktor yang memengaruhi penerapan inovasi teknologi; serta menganalisis Nilai Ekonomi Total potensi ternak sapi di Kabupaten Manokwari. Penelitian dilakukan di enam distrik dengan populasi ternak tertinggi: Warmare, Prafi, Masni, Manokwari Barat, Manokwari Selatan, dan Sidey. Responden terdiri dari 160 peternak, dan 30 ekor sapi dianalisis di tiga Tempat Pemotongan Hewan. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, survei, wawancara mendalam, serta studi literatur, dan dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 64 jenis hijauan, terdiri dari 16 jenis rumput (Gramineae), 11 leguminosa, 22 jenis hijauan lain yang dapat dikonsumsi, dan 15 jenis yang tidak dapat dikonsumsi ternak. Kapasitas daya tampung rata-rata di Kabupaten Manokwari tergolong rendah sebesar 0,61 UT/Ha. Nilai ekonomi pemanfaatan pakan hijauan lokal mencapai Rp 55.801.517.499,75 per tahun. Inovasi teknologi yang paling banyak diadopsi peternak adalah penggunaan rumput unggul lokal. Faktor signifikan yang memengaruhi adopsi teknologi adalah pendidikan non-formal dan akses terhadap sarana produksi. Analisis Nilai Ekonomi Total sapi potong sebesar Rp311.920.195.588,75/th, dengan kontribusi dari nilai guna langsung (64,06%), memberikan multiplier effect >1 (investasi menguntungkan),  nilai guna tidak langsung (22,56%), dan nilai opsi (13,38%). Keberadaan sapi potong dengan konsep green economy dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah dengan dukungan potensi dan inovasi teknologi rumput unggul lokal sehingga diharapkan pengembangan ternak sapi potong dapat berkelanjutan.

The sustainability of beef cattle as a genetic resource (plasma nutfah) requires support from the potential of land and technological innovation, in line with the outcomes of the 2012 United Nations Conference in Rio de Janeiro on sustainable development based on three pillars: economic, social, and environmental. This study aims to identify the potential of local forage land, local forage crop production, livestock carrying capacity, and the economic value of local forage; to examine the profile of beef cattle farming innovation actors, technological innovations used; and factors that affect the application of technological innovation; and to analyze the Total Economic Value (TEV) of the potential of beef cattle in Manokwari Regency. The research was conducted in six districts with the highest cattle populations: Warmare, Prafi, Masni, West Manokwari, South Manokwari, and Sidey. The respondents included 160 farmers, and 30 cattle were analyzed at three slaughterhouses. Data were collected through observation, surveys, in-depth interviews, and literature review, and analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method approach. The results identified 64 forage species, including 16 types of grasses (Gramineae), 11 legume species, 22 other consumable forage types, and 15 non-consumable types. The average livestock carrying capacity in Manokwari Regency was relatively low, at 0.61 Animal Units (AU) per hectare. The economic value of local forage utilization was estimated at IDR 55,801,517,499.75 per year. The most widely adopted technological innovation among farmers was the use of improved local forage varieties. Significant factors influencing the adoption of technology included non-formal education and access to production inputs. The Total Economic Value of beef cattle was estimated at IDR 311,920,195,588.75 per year, consisting of direct use value (64.06%), provides a multiplier effect > 1 (profitable investment) from indirect use value (22.56%), and option value (13.38%). The existence of beef cattle with the concept  of green economy can increase regional economic growth with the support of the potential and innovation of local forage varieties technology so that it is hoped that the development of beef cattle can be sustainable.

Kata Kunci : Berkelanjutan, Biomassa, Green Economy, Pakan lokal, Total Economic Value