Studi Molekuler Infeksi Babesia sp. dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Profil Hematologi Sapi di Kecamatan imogiri, Bantul, Yogyakarta

Nurshilla Choirun Nisa', drh. Imron Rosyadi, M.Sc., Ph.D.

2025 | Skripsi | KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Babesiosis merupakan penyakit hemoparasitik yang disebabkan oleh protozoa dari genus Babesia dan ditularkan melalui vektor caplak (Rhipicephalus microplus), yang berdampak signifikan terhadap kesehatan dan produktivitas sapi potong. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi infeksi Babesia sp. pada sapi potong di Kecamatan Imogiri, Bantul, menggunakan metode apus darah dan real-time PCR, serta mengevaluasi perubahan profil hematologi akibat infeksi. Metode pemeriksaan yang digunakan meliputi apusan darah, deteksi molekuler menggunakan real-time PCR, serta analisis hematologi darah menggunakan hematology analyzer. Sebanyak 38 ekor sapi diperiksa secara acak melalui metode mikroskopik dan molekuler. Hasil menunjukkan prevalensi infeksi sebesar 18,42?rdasarkan apus darah dan 36,84?rdasarkan real-time PCR. Infeksi lebih banyak ditemukan pada sapi dari breed Bos taurus (Peranakan Limousin dan Simmental), betina, berumur kurang dari tiga tahun, dan dengan Body Condition Score (BCS) = 3/5. Pemeriksaan hematologi menunjukkan penurunan signifikan (p<0>Babesia sp. berpotensi menyebabkan anemia dan memengaruhi kondisi fisiologis sapi potong. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya deteksi dini berbasis molekuler untuk menunjang diagnosis dan evaluasi kesehatan ternak secara lebih akurat.

Babesiosis is a hemoparasitic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Babesia, transmitted by tick vectors (Rhipicephalus microplus), and has a significant impact on the health and productivity of beef cattle. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of Babesia sp. infection in beef cattle in Imogiri Subdistrict, Bantul, using blood smear and real-time PCR methods, as well as to evaluate changes in hematological profiles associated with the infection. The examination methods used included blood smear, molecular detection using real-time PCR, and blood hematological analysis using a hematology analyzer. A total of 38 randomly selected cattle were examined using both microscopic and molecular techniques. The results showed a prevalence of 18.42?sed on blood smears and 36.84?sed on real-time PCR. Infections were more commonly found in cattle of Bos taurus breeds (Limousin and Simmental crossbreeds), females, animals under three years of age, and those with a Body Condition Score (BCS) of 3/5. Hematological analysis revealed a significant decrease (p<0>Babesia sp. infection has the potential to cause anemia and disrupt the physiological balance of beef cattle. This study highlights the importance of molecular-based early detection to support accurate diagnosis and health evaluation in livestock.

Kata Kunci : Babesia sp., babesiosis, hematologi, real-time PCR, sapi potong, Babesia sp., babesiosis, hematology, real-time PCR, beef cattle.