Pengaruh Sediaan Poliherbal Imunostimulan Terhadap Ekspresi Gen CD32B Ddan Gambaran Histopatologi Pulpa Putih pada Limpa Hewan Model Imunogenisitas
Widhowati Destiathree Supardi, Dr. dr. Woro Rukmi Pratiwi, M.Kes., Sp.PD., FINASIM.; Prof. Dr. dr. Eti Nurwening Sholikhah, M.Kes., M.Med.Ed., Sp.KKLP
2025 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Dasar dan Biomedis
Latar Belakang: Sediaan poliherbal, yang mengombinasikan beberapa tanaman obat, menawarkan efek sinergis dalam meningkatkan efektivitas terapi dengan risiko efek samping yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan sediaan monoherbal. Beberapa tanaman seperti Zingiber officinale var Amarum, Zingiber officinale var Rubrum, Blumea balsamifera, Mentae arvensis, Myristica fragrans, Panax ginseng dan Royal jelly diketahui memiliki senyawa bioaktif yang berpotensi mendukung sistem imun melalui berbagai mekanisme. Namun, penelitian terkait efek imunostimulan dari kombinasi tanaman tersebut masih terbatas.
Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui efek pemberian sediaan poliherbal imunostimulan terhadap ekspresi gen reseptor CD32b dan gambaran diameter pulpa putih pada organ limpa sebagai penanda aktivitas sistem imun pada hewan model imunogenisitas.
Metode: Dua puluh ekor mencit jantan Mus musculus strain BALB/c dikelompokkan menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol normal, kontrol induksi vaksin dan 3 kelompok perlakuan yang diberi sediaan poliherbal imunostimulan 0,592 mg/gBB; 0,789 mg/gBB dan 1,183 mg/gBB. Pembuatan model hewan imunogenisitas dengan menginjeksi vaksin tetanus toksoid melalui subkutan pada hari ke-7 dan ke-14. Ekspresi gen reseptor CD32b pada organ limpa diukur menggunakan qRT-PCR dan gambaran histopatologi diameter pulpa putih diperiksa menggunakan pewarnaan Hematoxilin Eosin (HE), dilihat menggunakan mikroskop cahaya, diameter pulpa putih diukur menggunakan aplikasi ImageJ.
Hasil: Hasil pengujian ekspresi gen reseptor CD32b menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan ekspresi gen reseptor CD32b secara signifikan (p<0>
Kesimpulan: Sediaan poliherbal imunostimulan meningkatan ekspresi gen reseptor CD32b dan diameter pulpa putih secara signifikan.
Background: Polyherbal formulations, which combine multiple medicinal plants, offer synergistic effects that enhance therapeutic efficacy while potentially reducing the risk of side effects compared to monoherbal preparations. Plants such as Zingiber officinale var Amarum, Zingiber officinale var Amarum, Blumea balsamifera, Mentha arvensis, Myristica fragrans, Panax ginseng, and royal jelly are known to contain bioactive compounds that may support immune function through various mechanisms. However, research on the immunostimulatory effects of these plant combinations remains limited.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effect of a polyherbal immunostimulant formulation on CD32b receptor gene expression and the diameter of the white pulp in the spleen as markers of immune system activity in an immunogenic animal model.
Methods: Twenty male Mus musculus BALB/c mice were divided into five groups: normal control, negative control, and three treatment groups receiving polyherbal immunostimulant doses of 0.592 mg/gBW, 0.789 mg/gBW, and 1.183 mg/gBW, respectively. The immunogenic animal model was induced by subcutaneous injection of tetanus toxoid vaccine on days 7 and 14. CD32b receptor gene expression in spleen tissue was measured using qRT-PCR, and histopathological analysis of white pulp diameter was conducted using Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining, observed under a light microscope, and measured with ImageJ software.
Results: The gene expression analysis of CD32b receptor showed a significant upregulation of CD32b receptor gene [removed]p<0>
Conclusion: The polyherbal immunostimulant preparation significantly increased CD32b receptor gene expression and white pulp diameter.
Kata Kunci : Poliherbal, imunostimulan, limpa, gen CD32b, pulpa putih.