Konsumsi sumber protein hewani pada tingkat rumah tangga di Propinsi Bali

SUTAMI, Ni Putu, Dr.Ir. Any Suryantini, MM

2004 | Tesis | S2 Ekonomi Pertanian

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi konsumsi pangan hewani dan respon rumah tangga apabila terjadi perubahan harga barang sendiri, harga barang lain dan pendapatan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menganalisis data Susenas 2002 untuk Propinsi Bali. Jumlah sampel terpilih adalah 640 rumah tangga yang dibedakan berdasarkan lokasi tempat tinggal (desa dan kota). Penentuan sampel secara proporsional random sampling. Model analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi tersensor atau Tobit yang diestimasi dengan The Maximum Likelihood Method Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi daging ayam dipengaruhi oleh harga daging ayam, harga telur ayam ras, harga minyak goreng, pendidikan kepala keluarga, jumlah anggota rumah tangga dan lokasi tempat tinggal; konsumsi daging sapi dipengaruhi oleh pendidikan kepala keluarga dan lokasi tempat tinggal; konsumsi daging babi dipengaruhi harga telur ayam ras, harga minyak goreng dan jumlah anggota rumah tangga; konsumsi ikan kembung dipengaruhi oleh harga telur ayam ras, pendidikan kepala keluarga, jumlah anggota rumah tangga dan lokasi tempat tinggal; konsumsi ikan tongkol dipengaruhi oleh harga daging sapi, harga daging babi, harga ikan tongkol, harga minyak goreng, jumlah anggota rumah tangga dan lokasi tempat tinggal; konsumsi telur ayam ras dipengaruhi oleh harga telur ayam ras, pendapatan, pendidikan kepala keluarga dan jumlah anggota rumah tangga; konsumsi susu bubuk dipengaruhi oleh pendapatan, pendidikan kepala keluarga dan jumlah anggota rumah tangga. Di tingkat propinsi, konsumsi daging ayam, ikan tongkol dan telur ayam ras bersifat inelastis. Analisis elastisitas harga silang menunjukkan bahwa daging ayam bersubstitusi dengan telur ayam ras dan berkomplemen dengan minyak goreng; daging babi bersubstitusi dengan minyak goreng dan berkomplemen dengan telur ayam ras; ikan kembung bersubstitusi dengan telur ayam ras; ikan tongkol bersubstitusi dengan daging sapi dan daging babi. Analisis elastisitas pendapatan di tingkat pedesaan menunjukkan bahwa daging ayam, daging babi, telur ayam ras dan susu bubuk merupakan barang normal, sedangkan di lokasi perkotaan telur ayam ras dan susu bubuk merupakan barang normal.

This study aimed is understanding factors affecting the animal protein food consumption and its response if there is that price other food price and revenue changing. This study was carried out by analyzing the Susenas data 2002 for Bali province. The numbert of sample chosen was 640 household differentiated based on the location of resident (area village and urban). The sampling used proportional random sampling method. The analysis model was cencored regression or Tobit and was estimated by The Maximum Likelihood Method. The result of the analysis showed that consumption of chicken was influenced by the chicken price, race-chicken egg price, frying oil price, the educational level of the household head,and the number of the family member and the resident location of household. The beef consumption was affected by the educational level of the household head and the location of resident. Pork consumption was affected by the price of race chicken egg, frying oil price and the number of family member. The consumption of Kembung fish was affected by the price of race chicken egg, the education of family leader, and the number of people in the family and the location of resident. The consumption of Tongkol fish was affected by the price of beef, pork, tongkol fish, frying oil, the number family member, and the resident location of household. The consumption of egg was affected by the price of egg, income, the education of household head, and family member. The consumption of milk powder was affected by income, the education of household head and the number of family member. The result of consumption analysis confirms that the own-price elasticity of chicken, tongkol fish and egg were inelastic. That analysis also showed that the consumption of chicken may be substituted by race-chicken egg and the complementary food of chicken was frying oil. The similar function of pork and frying oil cause both of those animal-protein may be substituted each other. The pork was consumpted jointly with egg of race-chicken. Consumption of kembung fish may be substituted by consuming egg of race-chicken, tongkol fish, beef and pork. He income-elasticity analysis proved that chicken, pork, egg of race-chicken and powder milk were catagorized as the normal good in rural area but in urban area, there were egg of race-chicken and powder milk.

Kata Kunci : Ekonomi Pertanian,Konsumsi Rumah Tangga,Protein Hewani, consumption, animal protein, elasticity, substitute, complementry.