Mitigasi Urban Heat Island (UHI) Melalui Penyiraman Air Pada Perkerasan Jalan Berdasarkan Modeling Kawasan Menggunakan Software ENVI-met
Diinaa Romiizahathuuf Haniifah, Ir. Taqia Rahman, S. T., M. Sc., Ph.D., IPM.;Ir. Latif Budi Suparma, S. T., M. Sc., Ph. D.
2025 | Tesis | S2 Mag. S. & T.Transportasi
The Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon has become a major issue in urban areas due to the dominance of pavement materials that absorb excessive heat. One mitigation strategy that can be applied is pavement watering, a method of spraying water onto pavements to reduce surface and air temperatures through evaporative cooling. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of pavement watering in lowering surface and air temperatures using ENVI-met based microclimatic simulations.
The simulation was carried out using ENVI-met software to assess the impact of pavement watering as a UHI mitigation method. Model validation was performed by comparing simulation results with observational data, using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and the coefficient of determination (R²) as accuracy metrics. Various scenarios were implemented in the modeling process, including variations in watering rate, watering intensity, spraying height, number of watering points, and surface albedo. Additionally, combinations of these scenarios were analyzed to evaluate the overall effectiveness of the cooling strategies.
The validation results indicate a good agreement between the simulation and field data, with an RMSE of 0.68 for air temperature (R² = 0.97) and 0.95 for surface temperature (R² = 0.98). The study revealed that pavement watering applied to the Kaliurang Street model area was able to reduce the surface temperature by an average of 1.01°C and air temperature by an average of 2.04°C. Furthermore, the analysis of Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) after the application of pavement watering showed a decrease in PET from 39.00°C to 37.64°C. The scenario analysis found that the most optimal strategy for lowering urban temperatures was the combination of surface albedo variation with pavement watering, as well as increased watering rates as an alternative mitigation approach. Additional analysis of combined scenarios revealed that Combination Scenario 3 had the most significant temperature reduction effect. However, the implementation of this scenario requires advanced technology and relatively high costs for real-world application.
Kata Kunci : Urban Heat Island, Pavement Watering, ENVI-met