Remitan dan pemanfaatannya : Studi kasus perilaku mobilitas tenaga kerja ke Malaysia dikecamatan Jetis kabupaten Bantul propinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Ety Ratnawati, Prof. Dr. Ida Bagoes Mantra

2002 | Skripsi | S1 GEOGRAFI DAN ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Fenomena mobilitas tenaga kerja ke luar negeri sudah ada sejak lama Penduduk kecamatan Jetis kabupaten Bantul Propinsi DlY sudah lama rnengenal adanya mobilitas tenaga kerja internasional, meskipun sering terdengar adanya ketidakberdayaan tenaga kerja Indonesia di luar negeri. Kesenjangan tersebut mendorong penulis untuk mengungkap fenomena mobilitas penduduk sebagai tenaga kerja ke Malaysia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui aktivitas di luar negeri terutama aktivitas dan upah, remitan yang diperoleh, hubungan antara remitan dengan pendapatan, hubungan antara remitan dengan jenis kelamin, hubungan antara remitan dengan jumlak tanggungan pelaku mobilitas, serta dampak remitan terhadap ekonomi rumah tangga pelaku mobilitas. Metode penelitian -yang digunakan adalah metode survei dan studi pustaka. Responden yaitu pelaku mobilitas ke Malaysia tahun 1993 - 1997 yang telah kembali beserta keluarganva sebanvak 60 responden. Penentuan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Data yang digali berupa data kuantitatif berupa data primer yang di peroleh dari hasil wawancara dengan responden dan data sekunder dari instansi setempat. Selain itu juga data kualitatif berupa wawancara bebas dengan informan dan observasi di daerah penelitian. Analisis data dilakukan secara kuantitatif berupa tabel frekuensi dan label silang, serta analisis kualitatif berupa pembahasan deskriptif. Dari penelitian diperoleh hasil bahwa lapangan pekerjaan yang bervariasi dan upah yang tinggi di luar negeri merupakan daya tarik seseorang untuk melakukan mobilitas. Upah yang tinggi tergambar lewat peningkatan pendapatan pelaku mobilitas sebesar 209,6% daripada di daerah asal. Hasil lain bahwa semakin tinggi pendapatan di luar negeri, remitan yang dibawa pulang semakin besar, Remitan peiaku mobilitas laki-laki ternyata lebih sedikit daripada perempuan. Semakin banyak jumlah tanggungan rumah tangga, semakin banyak remitan pelaku mobilitas. Mobilitas keluar negeri ternyata tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap kehidupan ekonomi rumah tangga di daerah asal. Mayoritas responden dan keluarga menganggap mobilitas tersebut tidak mengubah kehidupan ekonomi mereka menjadi lebih baik.

The inhabitants in Jetis, Bantul, DIY have known about international emplyoment movement, although often heard the unpower of Indonesian employee in another countries. This gap situation push the writer to reveal phenomena about inhabitants' movement as employment to Malaysia. The purpose of these thesis are to know employee's activity in another countries specially about activity and income, remittance, the relationship between remittance and income, remittance and sex, remittance and families' member, also remittance's impact to immigrants' families' economic condition This investigation used survey and literature study method_ This investigation used people who moved to Malaysia during 1993-1997 as respondents and the immigrants who came back to their original country with their families were 60 respondents. Samples were determined with purposive sampling. This investigation searched quantitative data that were primary data They were round from interviewing respondents and secondary data were from authority. Reside that, this investigation also searched qualitative data that were free interviewing with info an and observation in investigation ama. Analyzing toward data were performed quantitatively that were frequency table, cross table, and qualitative analysis with descriptive discussion. This investigation proved that job vacancies and salaries in another country become attraction for someone to move to another country. Higher salaries were expressed with increase in immigrants' income:. that were 209,6% greater than salaries in original country. As greater immigrants' income in another country as greater their remittance to original country. Men's remittance less than women's remittance. As greater immigrants' family member, as greater immigrants' remittance. Another country mobilities were not have positive effect to economic life in original country. Majority of respondents and families supposed the movement did not change their life to become better.

Kata Kunci : Remitan dan pemanfaatannya,mobilitas tenaga kerja,Jetis,Bantul,DIY