Populasi Penggerek Batang Padi pada Fase Vegetatif di Kabupaten Gunungkidul

Cyndiatika Attifaturrahman, Dr. Tri Harjaka, S.P., M.P.

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU HAMA & PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui populasi penggerek batang padi Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Populasi penggerek batang padi diamati di tiga Kapanewon yakni Kapanewon Patuk, Playen dan Ponjong. Sampel yang diamati berupa rumpun tanaman padi yang menunjukkan gejala serangan akibat penggerek batang padi tiap petak pengamatan sejumlah 20 sampel. Setiap kapanewon terdiri dari 3 petak pengamatan. Pengamatan lapangan dilakukan dengan perhitungan kelompok telur yang ditemukan tiap 20 sampel dan keberadaan imago penggerek batang padi di lahan persawahan. Pengamatan dilakukan selama 7 minggu dengan interval 1 minggu sekali. Pada minggu ke 7 pengamatan seluruh tanaman padi bergejala serangan penggerek batang padi dibawa ke laboratorium teknologi pengendalian – ruang pengendalian hayati. Sampel kemudian dibelah untuk menentukan keberadaan larva pada batang tanaman padi dan diidentifikasi. Perhitungan serangan penggerek batang padi dilakukan dengan menghitung jumlah batang terserang dibagi dengan jumlah tunas per rumpun dikali 100%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan dua jenis penggerek batang padi di Kabupaten Gunungkidul yakni penggerek batang padi kuning Scirpophaga incertulas sejumlah 17 organisme dan penggerek batang padi merah jambu Sesamia inferens sejumlah 2 organisme. Penggerek batang padi kuning merupakan spesies yang dominan jika dibandingkan dengan spesies penggerek batang padi merah jambu.  Hasil tersebut dapat disebabkan oleh adanya kesesuaian penggerek batang padi kuning dengan lingkungan budidaya sehingga pertumbuhannya menjadi lebih optimal. Tingkat serangan tertinggi ditunjukkan di Kapanewon Patuk sebesar 26,67%.

This study aimed to determine the population of rice stem borer in Gunungkidul Regency. The rice stem borer population was observed in three Kapanewon (Kapanewon Patuk, Playen, and Ponjong). The Samples were observed in the form of clumps of rice plants that showed symptoms caused by rice stem borers, with 20 samples per observation plot. Each kapanewon consists of 3 observation plots. Field observations were conducted by counting egg clusters found in each of the 20 samples and the presence of rice stem borer imago in the paddy fields. Observations were conducted for 7 weeks with an interval of 1 week. In the 7th week of observation, all rice plants with symptoms of rice stem borer attack were brought to the control technology laboratory—biological control room. Samples were then sectioned to determine the presence of larvae on the rice stems and identified. The calculation of rice stem borer infestation was done by calculating the number of infested stems divided by the number of shoots per clump multiplied by 100%. The research results show that two types of rice stem borrers were found in Gunungkidul Regency, namely yellow rice stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas with a total of 17 organisms and pink rice stem borer Sesamia inferens with 2 organisms. The yellow rice stem borer is the dominant species when compared to the pink rice stem borer species. These results could be due to the suitability of the yellow rice stem borer to the cultivation environment so that its growth becomes more optimal. The highest attack rate was shown in Kapanewon Patuk at 26.67%.

Kata Kunci : penggerek batang padi, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, Scirpophaga incertulas, Sesamia inferens