Gender Reconstruction through Women's Empowerment: Perpetuation of Patriarchal Culture, Gender Equity, or Gender Justice?

ANNISA' MUNASHIFAH, Dr. Hempri Suyatna, M.Si.

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU SOSIATRI

Studi ini menganalisis pemberdayaan perempuan pada Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) Meambo di Desa Namu, Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesia. Peneliti memberikan gambaran budaya patriarki yang masih eksis di desa tersebut dengan mendeskripsikan tiga prioritas gender equality; proses pemberdayaan KWT yang diinisiasi oleh peneliti dengan strategi Asset-Based Community Development; penerapan prinsip gender equity dan gender justice; serta faktor pendorong dan penghambat yang mengiringinya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian tersebut yaitu Participatory Action Research dalam periode waktu satu tahun (Desember 2023-Desember 2024). Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara tatap muka dan jarak jauh, serta diskusi kelompok terfokus. Peneliti menemukan fakta bahwa budaya patriarki masa lampau di Desa Namu dengan mayoritas penduduk Suku Tolaki memang berpengaruh pada diri perempuan. Namun uniknya, peneliti menjadikannya sebagai potensi pemberdayaan yang dapat memantik gender equity, terlebih lagi gender justice. Pemberdayaan dilakukan melalui community organizing, visioning, planning, implementation, monitoring, evaluation, disertai public participation. Prinsip gender equity yang diterapkan yaitu anti-poverty, anti-exploitation, equality, anti-marginalization, dan anti-androcentrism. Gender justice dapat dicapai apabila petani perempuan memiliki kontrol atas tanah dan sumber daya yang ada, serta memiliki kapasitas pengambilan keputusan. Didukung kontribusi berbagai pihak, kelompok tersebut perlahan akan memudarkan efek dari budaya patriarki yang telah menjadi sistem meskipun memerlukan waktu yang tidak singkat. Pemberdayaan perempuan merupakan langkah yang tepat karena diterapkan pada perempuan yang memang telah mendambakan keberdayaan. Pada akhirnya, perempuan terpenuhi hak hidupnya dan lebih dihargai di masa depan.

This study analyzes women's empowerment in the Meambo Women Farmers Group (KWT) in Namu Village, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. The researcher provides an overview of the patriarchal culture that still exists in the village by describing the three priorities of gender equality; the KWT empowerment process initiated by the researcher with the Asset-Based Community Development strategy; the application of gender equity and gender justice principles; and the accompanying driving and inhibiting factors. The method used in the research was Participatory Action Research over one year (December 2023-December 2024). Data were collected through observation, face-to-face and remote interviews, along with focus group discussions. The researcher found that the patriarchal culture of the past in Namu Village with majority of Tolaki people did affect women. But uniquely, researchers make it an empowerment potential that can spark gender equity, and even more so, gender justice. Empowerment is carried out through community organizing, visioning, planning, implementation, monitoring, and evaluation, accompanied by public participation. The principles of gender equity applied are anti-poverty, anti-exploitation, equality, anti-marginalization, and anti-androcentrism. Gender justice can be achieved when women farmers have control over land and resources, and have decision-making capacity. Supported by the contributions of various stakeholders, the group will slowly fade the effects of the patriarchal culture that has become a system, acknowledging that it will not change overnight. Women's empowerment is the right step because it is applied to women who already crave empowerment. Ultimately, women will have their rights fulfilled and be more respected in the future.

Kata Kunci : Asset-Based Community Development, Tolaki Tribes, Women Farmers Group