Gambaran Kesiapan Mental-Psikologis Calon Pensiunan Pegawai Negeri Sipil dalam Menghadapi Masa Pensiun

Shafa Salsabella, Dr. Sri Mulyani, S.Kep.,Ns., MNg; Sri Warsini, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kes., Ph.D; Dr.Ibrahim Rahmat, S.Kp., S.Pd., M.Kes

2025 | Skripsi | ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Pensiun menandakan akhir dari masa kerja dan sering menjadi tantangan psikologis bagi Pegawai Negeri Sipil (PNS). Tantangan ini sering kali disebabkan oleh ketidaksiapan mental-psikologis, seperti perasaan kehilangan, perubahan identitas, dan hilangnya dukungan sosial. Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya kesiapan mental-psikologis bagi calon pensiunan PNS di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY).

Tujuan Penelitian: Mengetahui tingkat kesiapan mental-psikologis calon pensiunan PNS dalam menghadapi masa pensiun dan perbedaan kesiapan berdasarkan karakteristik demografi. 

Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif cross-sectional dilakukan melalui Google Form pada November-Desember 2024 dengan 171 calon pensiunan PNS peserta pembekalan pensiun Badan Kepegawaian Daerah (BKD) DIY, menggunakan consecutive sampling. Peneliti menggunakan kuesioner kesiapan PNS dalam menghadapi masa pensiun pada penelitian sebelumnya yang dimodifikasi, divalidasi konten oleh 3 ahli, uji psikometrik kepada 160 calon pensiunan. Dari 15 item pernyataan terdapat 1 item yang tidak valid namun, tetap dianalisis. Analisis univariat dilakukan dengan median, minimum, maksimum, frekuensi dan persentase. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji Chi-Square, Fisher, dan Spearman rho. 

Hasil: Tingkat kesiapan mental-psikologis calon pensiunan mayoritas berada pada kategori sangat siap (54,4%). Kesiapan mental-psikologis secara signifikan berhubungan berdasarkan usia (r=0,151; p-value=0,049) dan berbeda berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan (p-value=0,020). 

Kesimpulan: Mayoritas calon pensiunan PNS DIY memiliki kesiapan mental-psikologis baik. Kesiapan mental-psikologis calon pensiunan PNS DIY dipengaruhi oleh usia dan tingkat pendidikan.

Background: Retirement marks the end of employment and often presents psychological challenges for civil servants, including feelings of loss, identity shifts, and reduced social support stemming from inadequate mental readiness. This study highlights the importance of mental-psychological preparedness for prospective retirees in the Special Region of Yogyakarta or Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY).

Research Objective: To assess prospective retirees mental-psychological readiness among DIY civil servants and analyze readiness differences based on demographic characteristics.

Method: A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted in November-December 2024 through Google Forms involving 171 prospective retirees who participated in retirement preparation programs by Regional Personnel Agency or Badan Kepegawaian Daerah (BKD) DIY, selected using consecutive sampling. The study employed a modified "Civil Servant Readiness for Retirement" questionnaire, validated content by three experts, and psychometric tests on 160 prospective retirees. Of the 15 statement items, there is 1 item that is invalid but is still analyzed. Data analysis included univariate statistics (median, range, frequency, percentage) and bivariate analysis (Chi-Square, Fisher, and Spearman rho tests).

Results: The research results show that most prospective retirees level of mental-psychological readiness is in the very ready (54.4%) categories. Mental-psychological readiness was significantly related by age (r=0,151; p-value=0,049) and different based on level of education (p-value=0,020).

Conclusion: Most prospective DIY civil servant retirees have good mental-psychological readiness. The mental-psychological readiness of prospective DIY civil servant retirees is influenced by age and level of education.

Kata Kunci : Kesiapan Mental-Psikologis, Masa Transisi, Pegawai Negeri Sipil, Pensiun.