Perbandingan Gambaran Radiografi Toraks dan Skoring Keparahan Tuberkulosis Paru antara Pasien Diabetes Dan Non Diabetes

Yanie Aryanty, Prof. Dr. dr. Lina Choridah, Sp.Rad (K)-PRP.; dr. Hesti Gunarti Sp. Rad (K)-RA

2024 | Tesis | S2 Kedokteran Klinik

Latar Belakang: Konvergensi epidemi penyakit menular dan penyakit tidak menular, seperti seperti tuberkulosis dan diabetes mellitus telah menjadi tantangan kesehatan global karena angka morbiditas dan mortalitasnya yang terus meningkat. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan kemungkinan perbedaan karakteristik radiografi toraks pada pasien tuberkulosis dengan dan tanpa diabetes, tetapi hasil yang dilaporkan masih bervariasi.

Tujuan: Membandingkan gambaran radiografi toraks dan skoring keparahan tuberkulosis paru antara pasien diabetes dan non-diabetes.

Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional ini melibatkan 146 subjek penelitian, terdiri dari pasien tuberkulosis dengan dan tanpa diabetes. Data radiografi toraks dianalisis untuk mengevaluasi fitur lesi fibronodular, konsolidasi, kavitas, limfadenopati, lesi milier, dan efusi pleura. Skor keparahan tuberkulosis juga dihitung menggunakan sistem skoring Báez-Saldaña. Analisis statistik dilakukan untuk membandingkan gambaran radiografi toraks antara kedua kelompok tersebut.

Hasil: Pasien dengan diabetes memiliki median usia lebih tua dibandingkan pasien non-diabetes ((54,1 vs 46,7 years; p = 0,002). Tidak terdapat perbedaan jenis kelamin antar kelompok (p > 0,05). Lesi kavitas secara signifikan lebih sering ditemukan pada pasien diabetes dibandingkan non-diabetes (68,1% vs 31,9%; p <0 xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed>

Kesimpulan: Lesi kavitas secara signifikan lebih sering ditemukan pada pasien tuberkulosis dengan diabetes dibandingkan non-diabetes. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada fitur radiografi toraks lainnya maupun skor keparahan tuberkulosis antara kedua kelompok.

Background: The convergence of infectious and non-communicable diseases, such as tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus, has become a global health challenge due to its increasing morbidity and mortality rates. Previous studies have shown possible differences in chest radiographic characteristics in tuberculosis patients with and without diabetes, but the reported results are still varied.

Objective: To compare chest radiographic features and severity scoring of pulmonary tuberculosis between diabetic and non-diabetic patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 146 subjects, consisting of tuberculosis patients with and without diabetes. Chest radiographic data were analyzed to evaluate the features of fibronodular lesions, consolidation, cavities, lymphadenopathy, miliary lesions, and pleural effusion. The tuberculosis severity score was also calculated using the Báez-Saldaña scoring system. Statistical analysis was performed to compare chest radiographic features between the two groups.

Results: Patients with diabetes had a higher median age than non-diabetic patients (54.1 vs 46.7 years; p = 0.002). There was no gender difference between groups (p > 0.05). Cavitary lesions were significantly more common in diabetic patients than non-diabetic patients (68.1% vs 31.9%; p < 0 xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed xss=removed>

Conclusion: Cavitary lesions were significantly more common in diabetic tuberculosis patients than non-diabetic patients. There were no significant differences in other chest radiographic features or tuberculosis severity scores between the two groups.

Kata Kunci : tuberkulosis; diabetes; radiografi toraks, thorax radiography