Pengaruh jumlah tumbukan dan lama perendaman terhadap karakteristik campuran panas gradasi superpave ukuran diameter nominal maksimum 37,5 mm dengan VMA tinggi berdasarkan uji Marshall

ROMBE, Yulianus Layuk, Ir. H. Suprapto Totomihardjo, MSc

2004 | Tesis | Magister Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Untuk mengurangi kerusakan yang terjadi pada perkerasan jalan akibat peningkatan volume lalulintas maka perlu diperhatikan pemilihan material dan perencanaan campuran beraspal gradasi Superpave diharapkan mampu mendapatkan campuran yang awet dan tahan terhadap deformasi dan retak akibat peningkatan pembebanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari komposisi campuran yang baik dan memenuhi persyatatan spesifikasi pada campuran panas gradasi superpave diameter nominal maksimum 37,5 mm pada VMA tinggi. Pengujian awal dengan perancangan benda uji standar dengan tumbukan 2 x 75 dan lama perendaman 30 menit untuk menarget nilai VMA tinggi kemudian pengujian kedua dengan pembuatan benda uji untuk memvariasiakan nilai VFB rendah, sedang dan tinggi dilakukan setelah target VMA tinggi telah dicapai variasi tumbukan 2 x 100, 2 x 200 dengan lama perendaman 30 menit dengan maksud mengetahui pengaruh peningkatan tumbukan terhadap VMA tinggi pada kondisi VFB rendah, VFB sedang, VFB tinggi. Pengujian ketiga dengan tumbukan 2 x 75 dengan variasi lama perendaman 24 jam, 48 jam, 72 jam untuk menguji durabilitas. Hasil perbandingan nilai VMA dan VFB pada perancangan benda uji dan benda uji akurasi terkecil 3,42 % pada target gradasi E (VMA=14,432%) dan terbesar 9,11% pada target gradasi B (VMA=16,068%). Peningkatan jumlah tumbukan pada masingmasing target gradasi mengakibatkan nilai density, stabilitas, VFB, MQ mengalami peningkatan dengan rentang masing-masing density (0,479-1.080%), stabilitas (8,923%-37,861%), VFB (6,961-10,742%), MQ (17,523%-69,804%), nilai VMA, VITM, flow mengalami penurunan dengan rentang masing-masing VMA (3,487- 5,405%), VITM (9,464%-16,093%), flow (0,695%-1,972%). Pengaruh lama perendaman menyebabkan penurunan stabilitas rata-rata sebesar 89,5kg/24jam pada target gradasi E (VMA=14,432%), 70,963kg/24jam pada target gradasi A(VMA=15,165%), 120,183kg/24 jam pada target gradasi B(VMA=16,068%).Hasil penelitian memenuhi Kimpraswil 2000 tumbukan 2x200 pada target gradasi A(VMA=15,165%) kondisi VFB sedang=60,681% dan tinggi=70,159%, pada target gradasi B (VMA=16,068%) kondisi VFB rendah=59,456% dan memenuhi Superpave pada tumbukan 2x200 pada VMA=14,432% kondisi VFB rendah=58,182%, pada VMA=15,165% kondisi VFB tinggi= 70,159% dan VMA=16,068% kondisi VFB rendah=59,456%. Campuran direkomendasi untuk beban lalulintas tinggi gradasi Superpave nominal maksimum 37,5 mm pada spesifikasi Kimpraswil 2000 pada target (VMA=15,165%) kondisi VFB tinggi=71,915%, target (VMA=16,068%) kondisi VFB rendah=68,470% sedangkan pada spesifikasi Superpave yaitu VMA=14,432% pada kondisi VFB rendah=66,985%, (VMA=15,165%) kondisi VFB tinggi=71,915% dan (VMA=16,068%) pada kondisi VFB rendah=68,470%.

To reduce damage on the road pavement due to the increase of traffic volume taking note to determine material and design the superpave gradation asphalt mixture which will obtain the durable mixture, and deformation and cracking resistance cause of the increasing of load. This research intends to find out an appropriate mixture and fulfill specification requirement in the superpave gradation hot mix asphalt with nominal maksimum size 37.5 mm of high VMA. The first step of testing has performed standard sample test with 2 x 75 blows and immersion duration 30 minutes to get high VMA index, thus the second, by examining the sample test after the high VMA index obtained and continuously testing the variation of blows; i.e. 2x100, 2x200 with immersion duration 30 minutes, it was intended to find out the effect of blows increase of high VMA in low, medium, and high VFB condition. The last step, it has tested 2x75 blows with immersion duration; 24 hour, 48 hour, 72 hour to find out the durability. By comparing between VMA and VFB index at the designing sample test, the smallest accuracy sample test was 3.42% in gradation target E (VMA = 14.432%) and the biggest was 9.11% in gradation target B (VMA = 16.068%). The number of blows increase to density, stability, VFB, MQ indexes increase with range; density (0.479% - 1.080%), stability (8.923% - 37.861%), VFB (6.961% - 10.742%), MQ (17.523% - 69.804%), and VMA, VITM, flow indexes decrease with range; VMA (3.487% - 5.405%), VITM (9.464% - 16.093%), flow (0.695% - 1.972%). The effect of immersion duration due to the average stability index decrease was 89.5 kg/ 24 hour in gradation target E (VMA = 14.432%), 70.963 kg/ 24 hour in gradation A (VMA = 15.165%), 120.183 kg/ 24 hour in gradation target B (VMA = 16.068%). The result of this research fulfill Kimpraswil 2000; 2x200 blows in gradation target A (VMA = 15.165%) with 60.681% of medium VFB and 70.159% of high VFB condition, in gradation target B (VMA = 16.068%) with 59.456% of low VFB condition, and fulfill superpave in blows of 2x200 in VMA = 14.432% with 58.182% of low VFB condition, in VMA = 15.165% with 70.159% of high VFB condition, and in VMA = 16.068% with 59.456% of low VFB condition. The mixture has been recommended for the high load traffic of superpave gradation with nominal maximum size 37.5 mm in Kimpraswil specification 2000; i.e. in target (VMA = 15.165%) with 71.915% of high VFB condition, target (VMA = 16.068%) with 68.470% of low VFB condition, on the other hand, it also has been completed in superpave specification; i.e. (VMA = 14.432%) with 66.985% of low VFB condition, (VMA = 15.165%) with 71.915% of high VFB condition, and (VMA = 16.068%) with 68.470% of low VFB condition.

Kata Kunci : Konstruksi Jalan,Campuran Panas Agregat,Diameter Nominal Maksimum 37,5 mm