Pengaruh jumlah tumbukan dan lama perendaman terhadap karakteristik campuran panas gradasi superpave ukuran nominal maksimum diameter 25 mm dengan VMA tinggi berdasarkan uji Marshall

DJAFAR, Muhammad Idris, Ir. H. Suprapto Totomihardjo, MSc

2004 | Tesis | Magister Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Dalam dekade sepuluh tahun terakhir konstruksi jalan di Indonesia banyak mengalami kerusakan deformasi plastis (Plastic Flow) dan keretakan sebelum umur rencana. Hal ini dapat disebabkan oleh me ningkatnya volume lalu lintas, beban kendaraan yang melebihi kapasitas serta konstruksi perkerasan yang kurang memenuhi standar teknis. Pada tahun 1987 the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) melakukan penelitian tentang kemampuan dan durabilitas jalan di Amerika. Produk akhir penelitian ini adalah suatu campuran panas agregat aspal yang dikenal dengan nama Superior Performing Asphalt Pavement (Superpave ) dimana campuran memiliki kadar aspal tinggi, kinerja tahan terhadap retak dan tahan terhadap deformasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada campuran panas aspal – agregat jenis Superpave dengan gradasi berdiameter nominal maksimum 25 mm, yang dirancang pada Voids in Mineral Aggregate (VMA) Tinggi (±>3 dari VMA 12%) yaitu 15VMA19. Dengan variasi kadar aspal pada gradasi terpilih diperoleh Void Filled With Asphalt (VFWA) rendah, sedang dan tinggi. Pengujian dilakukan pada tumbukan 2x75, 2x100, 2x200, dan perendaman pada Water bath pada suhu 60°C selama 0,5 jam, 24 jam, 48 jam dan 72 jam. Hasil uji Marshall akan diperoleh nilai Void analysis seperti density, VITM, VMA, VFWA, stabilitas, flow dan Marshall Quotient (MQ) serta tingkat durabilitas campuran, kemudian dibandingkan dengan spesifikasi Superpave dan spesifikasi Kimpraswil 2000. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kisaran nilai selisih VMA rancangan benda uji dan VMA benda uji, terbesar pada VMA 18,09% yaitu 17,44%. Pengaruh peningkatan jumlah tumbukan mengakibatkan kenaikan nilai density (1,62%-1,63%), VFWA (11,51%-11,32%), stabilitas (23,96%-36,22%), MQ (24,42%-48,66%) dan penurunan nilai VMA (7,92%-8,41%), VITM (28,58%-39,46%), flow (5,70%-7,64%). Pengaruh lama perendaman mengakibatkan nilai penurunan stabilitas gradasi (VMA 17,13%) rata-rata 13,32%, gradasi (VMA 18,09%) rata-rata 52,28%, gradasi (VMA 19,33%) rata-rata 55,75%. Campuran direkomendasikan untuk beban lalulintas lanjutan sesuai spesifikasi Superpave gradasi (VMA 18,09%) VFWA 71,66%, 72,33%, gradasi (VMA 19,33%) VFWA 70,17%, yang direkomendasikan spesifikasi Kimpraswil 2000 gradasi (VMA 17,13%) VFWA 76,26%, gradasi (VMA 18,09%) VFWA 71,66%, 72,33%, gradasi (VMA 19,33%) VFWA 70,17%.

In tenth decade recently, the most of road pavement construction in Indonesia experience plastic flow and cracking damage before desire year. It is caused by increasing traffic flow, over load of vehicle . In 1987, the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) has performed a research of the ability and durability of road in America. The proposed result of this researc h is a hot asphalt aggregate mixture known Superior Performing Asphalt Pavement (Superpave) as a mixture base on performance which has high resistance performance to cracking and deformation. This research has been conducted in hot asphalt aggregate mixture of superpave type with maximum nominal diameter gradation 25 mm, which has designed in high Voids in Mineral Aggregate (VMA) (± >3 of minimum VMA). The minimum VMA is 15%. The variations of asphalt content of chosen gradation have been found out the low, medium, and high Void Filled With Asphalt (VFWA). The test has been employed the number of pound variations; i.e. 2x75, 2x100 and 2x200, and immersion in water bath in temperature 60°C; 0,5 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours. By the analysis, it will be obtained voids analysis indexes such as density, VITM, VMA, VFWA, stability, flow, and Marshall Quotient (MQ), and also the level of mixture durability, thus compared with superpave specification and Kimpraswil specification year 2000. The value of VMA design and VMA of variation was difference of 17,44% in VMA 18,09%. The effect of the number of pound increase lead to the increase of density (1.62% - 1.63%), VFWA (11.51%-11,32%), stability (23,96%-36,22%), MQ (24,42%-48,66%) indexes, while it lead to the decrease of VMA (7,92%-8,41%), VITM (28,58%-39,46%), flow (5,70%-7,64%) indexes. The effect of immersion duration due to the average stability index 13,32% in gradation (VMA 17,13%), 52,28% in gradation (VMA 18,09%), 55,75% in gradation (VMA 19,33%). The mixture has been recommended for high traffic based on superpave specification in gradation (VMA 18,09%) of 71,66% and 72,33% VFWA, in gradation (VMA 19,33%) of 70,17% VFWA, and Kimpraswil (2000) specification in gradation (VMA 17,13%) of 76,26% VFWA, in gradation (VMA 18,09%) of 71,66% and 72,33% VFWA, in gradation (VMA 19.33%) of 70,17% VFWA.

Kata Kunci : Konstruksi Jalan,Campuran Panas Agregat Aspal,Superpave,Diameter Maksimum 25 mm