Perancangan laboratorium dan kinerja campuran Lataston (HRS-Wearing Course) menggunakan agregat bernilai abrasi tinggi (Kurang lebih 50 persen) yang diperbaiki dengan serat limbah plastik ember (jenis HDPE)

SUMARJONO, Dr.Ir. Latif Budi Suparma, MSc

2004 | Tesis | Magister Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Salah satu syarat yang harus dipenuhi oleh agregat untuk campuran Hot Rolled Sheet Wearing Course (HRS-WC) adalah mempunyai nilai abrasi < 40%, penggunaan agregat kasar dengan nilai abrasi > 40% tidak diperkenankan, karena tinggkat keausan dan porositas yang tinggi, sehingga menyebabkan kinerja campuran kurang baik. Kesediaan agregat yang memenuhi persyaratan makin lama sulit untuk didapatkan, untuk mengantisipasi hal tersebut perlu dilakukan penelitian terhadap agregat yang mempunyai nilai abrasi > 40%, salah satu cara diperbaiki dengan penyelimutan serat limbah plastik ember (jenis HDPE) untuk memperbaiki sifat-sifat fisiknya. Pengujian tahap awal untuk mengetahui nilai abrasi dan penyerapan, dilakukan pengujian sifat fisik agregat kasar yang diselimuti variasi HDPE 0% (kontrol), 0,3% (variasi 1), 0,6% (variasi 2) dan 1,0% (variasi 3). Penelitian tahap kedua, guna mendapatkan kadar aspal optimum (KAO) pada masing-masing variasi HDPE dengan kadar aspal 6,5,%, 7%, 7,5%, 8% dan 8,5%. Selanjutnya campuran HRS-WC pada KAO ditentukan dengan metode Marshall. Pengujian refusal density untuk mendapatkan kepadatan mutlak. Pengujian perendaman untuk mendapatkan nilai Indeks Perendaman dan Indeks Durabilitas. Cantabro Test untuk mendapatkan tingkat keausan atau kehilangan berat selama mendapat gaya impact. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa, agregat kasar yang diselimuti HDPE 0%, 0,3%, 0,6% dn 1,0% diperoleh nilai abrasi berturut-turut 51,8%, 48,0%, 44,8% dan 39,6%, dan nilai penyerapan 4,68%, 2,58%, 2,36% dan 1,59%. KAO untuk kontrol, variasi 1, 2 dan 3 berturut-turut sebesar 7,87%, 7,8%, 7,4% dan 7,2%. Pada KAO nilai VITM Refusal Density berturut-turut sebesar 0,88%, 1,05%, 1,10% dan 1,20%. Nilai indeks stabilitas Marshall sisa untuk kontrol, variasi 1, 2 dan 3, pada perendaman 24 jam masing-masing sebesar 89,0%, 92,1%, 94,8% dan 97,2%, sedangkan pada 48 jam kontrol tidak dilakukan, berturut-turut sebesar 76%, 85,3% dan 85,7%. Pada pengujian Cantabro, nilai prosentase kehilangan berat untuk kontrol, variasi 1, 2 dan 3 masing-masing sebesar 1,6%, 2%, 2,7%, dan 2,9%. Nilai stabilitas setelah Cantabro untuk kontrol, variasi 1, 2 dan 3 berturut-turut sebesar 50,5%, 65,6%, 58,8% dan 54,5% dari stabilitas semula. Dari hasil di atas menunjukkan bahwa penyelimutan agregat kasar bernilai abrasi tinggi (􀀤50%) dengan kadar serat limbah plastik ember (jenis HDPE) sebesar 1,0% dari berat agregat kasar merupakan campuran terbaik, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kinerja campuran HRS-WC pada lalulintas ringan (< 0,5 juta ESA).

One of the requirements of aggregate which has to be fulfilled by Hot Rolled Sheet wearing Course (HRS-WC) mixture is abrasive value of < 40%, utilizing coarse aggregate with more than 40% of abrasive value is restricted, it is because of the high level of abrasion and porosity, then it can due to less of the performance of asphalt concrete mixture. Recently, aggregate with abrasive value < 40% is difficult to find, for anticipating, it has to be need to study by using the abrasive value of coarse aggregate > 40% which is modified by physic characteristics of coating with HDPE type of waste bucket plastic fibre. The first step of this research was to find out the abrasive and absorption value has been done by examining physically of the coating of coarse aggregate with 0% of HDPE variation (control), 0.3% (variation 1), 0.6% (variation 2), and 1.0% (variation 3). The second step was to get the optimum asphalt content (OAC) of each variation between HDPE and asphalt content, i.e. 5.0%, 5.5%, 6.0%, 6.5%, and 7.0%. The next step, HRS-WC manufactured at the optimum asphalt content has determined by Marshall Test. Refusal density test was performed to find out certain density. Immersion test was conducted to find out Immersion Index and Durability Index. Cantabro test was performed to find out the level of abrasion or the weight loss of sample along getting the impact force. Results from the investigation shows that, abrasive values coating of coarse aggregate with 0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 1.0% of HDPE treatment were 51,8%, 48.04%, 44.83%, and 39.60% respectively and the water absorption value were: 4,68%, 2.58%, 2.36%, and 1.59%. The optimum asphalt content were 7,87% (control), 7,8%n (variation 1), 7,4% (variation 2) and 7.2% (variation 3). At the optimum asphalt content of refusal density of VITM value were 0.87%, 1.05%, 1.10%, and 1.20% for each variation respectively. The retained of Marshall stability of each variation at 24 hour immersion were 80.9%, 82.5%, and 76.1%, on the other side, at 48 hour immersion (non control) were 76%, 85.3%, and 85.7% respectively. Results from Cantabro test indicated that, the percentage of weight loss value for control, variation I, II, and III were 1.6%, 2%, 2.7%, and 2.9%. The stability value of pasca Cantabro test for control mix variation I, II, and III were 50.5%, 65.6%, 58.8%, and 54.5% of its origin stability. The values above shows that the coating of the high abrasive of coarse aggregate (± 50%) with 1.0% of waste bucket plastic fibre (HDPE type) to coarse aggregate was the best mixture which could improve the performance of HRS-WC mixture on heavy traffic (<0.5 million ESA).

Kata Kunci : Campuran Beton Aspal,Agregat Berabrasi Tinggi,Serat Limbah Plastik Ember