Fenomena Bermukim Kembali Masyarakat Di Bantaran Sungai Inggoi Pasca Relokasi Di Desa Amasing Kota Barat Kecamatan Bacan Kabupaten Halmahera Selatan Provinsi Maluku Utara
Nikmah Abusama, Ir. Deva F Swasto, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D., IPM dan Jimly Al Faraby, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D
2025 | Tesis | S2 Magist.Prnc.Kota & Daerah
Permukiman penduduk disuatu
daerah sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi fisik daerahnya. Permukiman di bantaran
sungai Inggoi kawasan Amasing merupakan permukiman yang terbentuk sejak tahun
1915. Sungai Inggoi sejak dulu sudah
menjadi penopang perekonomian masyarakat disekitarnya. Seiring
perkembangan permukiman di kawasan Amasing semakin padat. Akhir tahun 2010 kawasan
Amsing terjadi bencana banjir, meluapnya sungai Inggoi akibat hujan deras
selama beberapa hari dan terjadinya air pasang. Banjir tersebut merusak
sebagian besar permukiman di kawsan Amasing.
Pasca banjir pemerintah mengambil kebijakan
merelokasi masyarakat yang terdampak kerusakan dan menata kembali lokasi
bencana karena kawasan Amasing merupakan kawasan rawan bencana. Masyarakat yang
dipindahkan ke tempat relokasi, sebagian dari mereka tidak bertahan dan memilih
kembali ke lokasi lama. Proses kembali dilakukan warga secara bertahap kurang
lebih tiga tahun berturut-turut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk
mengetahui kronologi masyarakat kembali bermukim dan faktor apa yang
mempengaruhi mereka kembali bermukim dilokasi rawan bencana.
Hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini menemukan konsep
bermukim yang kuat yaitu konsep”Lipu
Saruma” mengandung makna filosofi kehidupan yang diartikan pergi ke mana saja,
pada akhirnya, akan kembali ke rumah yang sebenarnya. Menyangkut penghidupan, keadaan sosial budaya,
hubungan dengan alam lingkungan serta perasaan nyaman yang terkait dengan
kondisi psikologi masyarakat. Hidup berdampingan dengan sungai Inggoi, yang
rawan bencana banjir dianggap sungai tersebut bukan sebagai lawan tapi kawan. Pentingnya nilai histori dan
budaya pemukiman bagi sekelompok warga, karena hal ini tidak hanya membentuk
identitas dan tradisi mereka, tetapi juga memperkuat rasa kebersamaan dan
keterikatan emosional terhadap tempat tinggal mereka.
The
settlement of residents in a certain area is greatly influenced by the physical
conditions of that area. The settlements along the banks of the Inggoi River in
the Amasing region have existed since 1915. The Inggoi River has historically
supported the economy of the surrounding community. As the settlement in the
Amasing area has developed, it has become increasingly dense. At the end of
2010, Amasing experienced a flood disaster due to the overflowing of the Inggoi
River, which was caused by heavy rain over several days and high tide. This
flood destroyed a significant portion of the settlements in Amasing.
Following
the flood, the government implemented policies to relocate affected communities
and reorganize the disaster-stricken areas because Amasing is a disaster-prone
region. Some of the relocated residents did not stay and chose to return to
their former locations. This return process occurred gradually over
approximately three consecutive years. The purpose of this research is to
understand the chronology of residents returning to settle and the factors
influencing their decision to resettle in disaster-prone areas.
The
research method used is qualitative inductive research with a descriptive
analysis approach to identify keywords that are then developed into themes and
ultimately form concepts. Data sources were obtained through observations,
in-depth interviews with residents who returned to settle along the Inggoi
River and coastal areas in Amasing Village, West City, as well as secondary
data from several related government agencies and community leaders.
The findings in this study found a strong concept of settlement, namely the concept of "Lipu Saruma" which contains the meaning of the philosophy of life which means going anywhere, in the end, will return to the real home. Concerning livelihood, socio-cultural conditions, relationships with the natural environment and feelings of comfort related to the psychological conditions of the community. Living side by side with the Inggoi River, which is prone to flooding, the river is considered not as an opponent but a friend. The importance of the historical and cultural value of settlements for a group of residents, because this not only forms their identity and traditions, but also strengthens the sense of togetherness and emotional attachment to their place of residence.
Kata Kunci : Permukiman, Bantaran Sungai, Relokasi, Sosial Budaya